明代史料笔记训诂研究

发布时间：2018-08-07 06:26

【摘要】：笔记是我国古代文学中一种重要的文学体裁，属于与韵文相对应的散文范畴。笔记萌芽于汉代，魏晋时期得到飞速发展，到明代，笔记的数量、种类都有了很大提高。清乾隆时期修《四库全书》，大量明代野史遭到销毁，但存留下来的明代史料笔记数量依旧丰富，涉及内容也相当广泛，包括朝野掌故、典章制度、逸闻琐事、社会风俗、山川地理等方面，具有较高的史料价值和语言学价值。笔记虽都是作者的零散随笔和杂录，但其中也包含着丰富的训诂内容。前人对笔记的研究主要集中于历史价值和词汇考释方面，忽视了其训诂价值。本文选取了二十一部明代史料笔记作为研究对象，，对其训诂材料进行整理分析，在此基础上总结出其训诂内容和训诂方法、特点，并将其中的词语训诂和《汉语大词典》词语训释进行对比分析，对《汉语大词典》相关词条进行补正。全文共分为五部分：绪论部分对笔记进行概述，介绍了笔记的定义、内容、特点等。分析了明代史料笔记的独特研究价值，并广泛搜集相关材料，概述出明代史料笔记的研究现状。第一章为“明代史料笔记中的训诂内容”，分别从考释词语、考辨读音、辨正文字、分析句读和串讲文意五个方面对明代史料笔记训诂内容进行分析。第二章为“明代史料笔记的训诂方法和特点”，从求义方法和释义方法两方面对明代史料笔记的训诂方法进行分析，并总结出明代史料笔记的训诂特点，共有三点：一是训诂术语种类繁多，训诂语言通俗易懂；二是训诂内容分布不平衡，重词语训诂；三是训诂形式多集中训释，并间有文中自注。第三章为“明代史料笔记对《汉语大词典》的补正”，将史料笔记中的词语训诂条与《汉语大词典》进行对比分析，对《汉语大词典》存在的词条失收、义项缺失、引证嫌迟、书证不足问题进行了补正，彰显明代史料笔记训诂对辞书编纂的意义和价值。经过整理统计，词条失收共有152条，义项缺失47条，引证嫌迟25条，书证不足26条。结语部分进一步总结全文，再一次强调了明代史料笔记训诂的研究价值所在。笔记作为我国古代重要的文学形式，研究价值不可忽视。明代史料笔记不论从数量上还是内容上都非常丰富，希望通过本文的研究，使学术界认识到明代史料笔记的训诂价值，对史料笔记进行更为深入地研究，从而进一步挖掘史料笔记的学术价值和意义。
[Abstract]:Note-taking is an important literary genre in ancient Chinese literature and belongs to prose category corresponding to verse. Notes germinated in the Han Dynasty and developed rapidly in the Wei and Jin dynasties. By the Ming Dynasty, the number and types of notes had been greatly improved. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Siku Quan Shu was revised. A large number of Ming Dynasty wild history was destroyed, but the number of Ming Dynasty historical notes that remained was still abundant and involved in a wide range of contents, including court and opposition stories, rules and regulations, anecdotes and trifles, and social customs. The geography of mountains and rivers has high historical value and linguistic value. Although the notes are scattered essays and miscellaneous notes, they also contain rich exegesis. Previous researches on notes mainly focus on historical value and lexical interpretation, neglecting their exegesis value. In this paper, 21 historical notes of Ming Dynasty are selected as the research object, and their exegetical materials are sorted out and analyzed. On this basis, the contents and methods of exegesis are summarized. A comparative analysis is made between the exegesis of the words and the explanation of the words in the Chinese Dictionary, and the relevant entries in the Chinese Dictionary are corrected. The full text is divided into five parts: introduction to the introduction of notes, introduced the definition, content, characteristics and so on. This paper analyzes on the unique research value of historical notes of Ming Dynasty, collects relevant materials extensively, and summarizes the research status of historical notes of Ming Dynasty. The first chapter is "the exegesis content in the historical materials notes of Ming Dynasty", which analyzes the exegetical contents of the historical data notes of the Ming Dynasty from five aspects of textual research, pronunciation, correction, sentence reading and literal meaning. The second chapter is "the exegetical method and characteristic of the historical data notes of Ming Dynasty". It analyzes the exegetical methods of the historical data notes of the Ming Dynasty from the two aspects of the method of seeking meaning and the method of interpretation, and sums up the characteristics of the exegesis of the notes of historical materials of the Ming Dynasty. There are three points: one is the variety of exegesis terms, the exegesis language is easy to understand; the second is that the content of exegesis is unbalanced, the word exegesis is emphasized; the third is that the form of exegetical exegetics is more concentrated on exegesis, and there are some notes in the text. The third chapter is "the complement and correction of the Chinese Dictionary of the Historical Notes of the Ming Dynasty". The article compares and analyzes the words exegesis in the historical data notes and the Chinese Dictionary, and makes a comparative analysis of the missing entries, missing meanings and late citations of the entries in the Chinese Dictionary. The problem of insufficient documentary evidence is corrected to show the significance and value of the historical materials and exegesis of the Ming Dynasty in the compilation of dictionaries. According to the statistics, there are 152 missing entries, 47 missing meanings, 25 late citations and 26 documents. The conclusion part further summarizes the full text, and emphasizes once again the research value of the historical material notes exegetics in Ming Dynasty. As an important literary form in ancient China, the research value can not be ignored. The historical notes of Ming Dynasty are very rich in both quantity and content. It is hoped that through the study of this paper, the academic circles will realize the value of the exegesis of the notes of historical materials in Ming Dynasty, and make a more in-depth study on the notes of historical materials. In order to further explore the academic value and significance of historical notes.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H134

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