比什凯克市大学汉字教学情况调查研究
发布时间：2018-08-13 13:05
【摘要】：随着“汉语热”的不断地升温,世界各地学习汉语的人越来越多。为了进一步完善汉语教学,应针对国别、地区开展研究分析,目前国别汉语教学已成为国际汉语教学的一大难题。汉字是汉语的一大特点,也是非汉字文化圈的学生最大难点之一。它是影响汉语学习效果的重要因素,在教学中注意激发和培养学生的学习汉字的兴趣具有重大意义。 本文对比什凯克大学汉字教学的有关情况进行调查研究,了解吉尔吉斯斯坦大学汉字教学的现状,分析存在的问题,提出汉字教学的有关建议,不仅可以弥补目前吉尔吉斯汉字教学研究中的不足,而且对于帮助提高吉尔吉斯斯坦汉字教学乃至汉语教学水平,促进吉尔吉斯人更好地学好汉字,也具有一定的意义。本文的调查方法主要采用问卷调查法和访谈法。 调查显示,比什凯克市大学汉字教学的现状不太令人满意,存在的主要问题是：第一,汉字教学不被重视,缺乏汉字教学大纲,汉字教学没有明确的要求和标准。第二,吉尔吉斯斯坦大学本土汉语教师的汉字知识水平不高,有的本土教师连汉字的结构单位、笔画数、汉字的特点等基本知识都不清楚；来自中国的汉语教师对汉字知识的掌握总体上较好,但仍然存在一些认识误区,如认为汉字都是象形文字,汉字的两级单位为笔画和部首等。第三,比什凯克市大学汉语教师掌握汉字教学理论和方法的情况也不理想,大部分教师缺乏汉字教学方面的专业知识和专业技能训练,不能应用科学的教学方法开展汉字教学,汉字教学采用传统的方法,教学效率较低。第四,因汉语课时有限,汉字教学受到排挤,没有专门的汉字课,学习者只能通过综合课、阅读等课程学习汉字。第五,缺乏针对性强、方便实用的汉字教材和教辅材料,汉字课堂教学难以顺利进行。 针对此,本文建议：第一,尽快制定汉字教学大纲和相关标准；第二,从学生开始学汉语时就开设专门的汉字课,而且最好每周能有3-5课时的汉字学习时间。第三中吉合作编写汉字教材。第四,加强对吉国汉语师进行汉字教学理论与方法的培训,帮助本土汉语教师尽快掌握科学、实用的汉字教学方法和手段。第五,充分利用汉语教学相关网站的有关资源。第五,利用多媒体辅助汉字教学。
[Abstract]:As the "Chinese craze" continues to grow, more and more people around the world are learning Chinese. In order to further improve Chinese teaching, research and analysis should be carried out in different countries and regions. At present, the teaching of Chinese in different countries has become a major problem in international Chinese teaching. Chinese characters are a major feature of Chinese language and the biggest difficulty for students in non-Chinese cultural circles. It is an important factor affecting the effect of Chinese learning. It is of great significance to arouse and cultivate students'interest in learning Chinese characters in teaching.
This paper investigates the teaching of Chinese characters in Bishkek University, understands the present situation of teaching Chinese characters in Kyrgyzstan University, analyzes the existing problems, and puts forward some suggestions on teaching Chinese characters, which can not only make up for the shortcomings in the teaching and research of Chinese characters in Kyrgyzstan, but also help to improve the teaching of Chinese characters in Kyrgyzstan. It is also of great significance to learn and even to teach Chinese so that the Kyrgyz people can learn Chinese better.
The survey shows that the present situation of Chinese character teaching in Bishkek University is not satisfactory. The main problems are as follows: firstly, the teaching of Chinese characters is neglected, there is a lack of Chinese character syllabus, and there is no clear requirement and standard for Chinese character teaching. secondly, the knowledge level of native Chinese teachers in Kyrgyzstan University is not high, and some native Chinese teachers are even. The basic knowledge of Chinese characters, such as the structural unit, stroke number and the characteristics of Chinese characters, is not clear; Chinese teachers from China have a good grasp of Chinese characters, but there are still some misunderstandings, such as that Chinese characters are hieroglyphics, and the two-level units of Chinese characters are strokes and radicals. Third, the hands of Chinese teachers at Bishkek University. The situation of grasping the theory and method of Chinese character teaching is not ideal either. Most teachers lack the professional knowledge and skill training in Chinese character teaching. They can not use scientific teaching methods to carry out Chinese character teaching. In the course of Chinese Characters, learners can only learn Chinese characters through comprehensive courses, reading and other courses. Fifth, the lack of targeted, convenient and practical Chinese character teaching materials and auxiliary materials makes it difficult for Chinese character classroom teaching to proceed smoothly.
In view of this, this paper suggests: first, formulate the Chinese character syllabus and related standards as soon as possible; second, set up a special Chinese character course from the beginning of learning Chinese, and it is best to have 3-5 hours of Chinese character learning time per week. third, cooperate with Kyrgyzstan to compile Chinese character textbooks. fourth, strengthen the theory and method of teaching Chinese characters to Kyrgyzstan Chinese teachers. The training will help local Chinese teachers master scientific and practical Chinese character teaching methods and means as soon as possible. Fifth, make full use of relevant resources of Chinese teaching websites. Fifth, use multimedia to assist Chinese character teaching.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3
本文编号：2181085
[Abstract]:As the "Chinese craze" continues to grow, more and more people around the world are learning Chinese. In order to further improve Chinese teaching, research and analysis should be carried out in different countries and regions. At present, the teaching of Chinese in different countries has become a major problem in international Chinese teaching. Chinese characters are a major feature of Chinese language and the biggest difficulty for students in non-Chinese cultural circles. It is an important factor affecting the effect of Chinese learning. It is of great significance to arouse and cultivate students'interest in learning Chinese characters in teaching.
This paper investigates the teaching of Chinese characters in Bishkek University, understands the present situation of teaching Chinese characters in Kyrgyzstan University, analyzes the existing problems, and puts forward some suggestions on teaching Chinese characters, which can not only make up for the shortcomings in the teaching and research of Chinese characters in Kyrgyzstan, but also help to improve the teaching of Chinese characters in Kyrgyzstan. It is also of great significance to learn and even to teach Chinese so that the Kyrgyz people can learn Chinese better.
The survey shows that the present situation of Chinese character teaching in Bishkek University is not satisfactory. The main problems are as follows: firstly, the teaching of Chinese characters is neglected, there is a lack of Chinese character syllabus, and there is no clear requirement and standard for Chinese character teaching. secondly, the knowledge level of native Chinese teachers in Kyrgyzstan University is not high, and some native Chinese teachers are even. The basic knowledge of Chinese characters, such as the structural unit, stroke number and the characteristics of Chinese characters, is not clear; Chinese teachers from China have a good grasp of Chinese characters, but there are still some misunderstandings, such as that Chinese characters are hieroglyphics, and the two-level units of Chinese characters are strokes and radicals. Third, the hands of Chinese teachers at Bishkek University. The situation of grasping the theory and method of Chinese character teaching is not ideal either. Most teachers lack the professional knowledge and skill training in Chinese character teaching. They can not use scientific teaching methods to carry out Chinese character teaching. In the course of Chinese Characters, learners can only learn Chinese characters through comprehensive courses, reading and other courses. Fifth, the lack of targeted, convenient and practical Chinese character teaching materials and auxiliary materials makes it difficult for Chinese character classroom teaching to proceed smoothly.
In view of this, this paper suggests: first, formulate the Chinese character syllabus and related standards as soon as possible; second, set up a special Chinese character course from the beginning of learning Chinese, and it is best to have 3-5 hours of Chinese character learning time per week. third, cooperate with Kyrgyzstan to compile Chinese character textbooks. fourth, strengthen the theory and method of teaching Chinese characters to Kyrgyzstan Chinese teachers. The training will help local Chinese teachers master scientific and practical Chinese character teaching methods and means as soon as possible. Fifth, make full use of relevant resources of Chinese teaching websites. Fifth, use multimedia to assist Chinese character teaching.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3
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