“A才B呢”构式研究
发布时间：2018-08-18 11:17
【摘要】：“A才B呢”是现代汉语口语中常用的构式,在句法、语义、语用功能等方面有其特殊表现,其构式义的形成能够从认知角度进行解释。 “A才B呢”的构式义是否定驳斥。变量成分“A”可分别表第一人称、第二人称和第三人称,且当“A”为不同类型时对构式的否定驳斥程度有一定影响。变量“B”可由动词、动词短语、名词及形容词充当。从感情色彩上说,“B”以贬义成分最常见,也可以是中性成分。当“A”为[+反常性]名词,“B”为非单音节光杆动词的动词性成分时,构式可省略常量,成为变体“AB”。“A才B呢”在语用上表现出消极情绪指向,其内部小类在交际场合的适用上显示出一定差异。“A才B呢”的引发句可分为简单引发句和复杂引发句,在存在形式上表现为显性引发和隐性引发两种。“A才B呢”表隐性否定时,A是对比焦点,表显性否定时存在话题焦点A和对比焦点B。其焦点表现手段主要有焦点重音和焦点敏感算子“才”。在语篇中“A才B呢”的衔接功能主要是“回应”和“解说”,其实现话语衔接的手段主要是词汇衔接,包括原词复现和概括词复现。 否定构式“A才B呢”的否定机制主要依靠演绎推理,双方认知语境中作为人类普遍认知的大镜体和作为直接环境的小镜体二者被激活,并结合二者推导出结论。“A才B呢”的主观性主要体现在视角和情感上。说话人从“自我”视角空间出发,表达言者主观态度,带有较强的主观性。“A才B呢”在行、知、言三域内分别以行表驳、以知表驳、以言表驳。其表达的情感根据交际关系和消极程度的不同可分为冲突型和非冲突型两类。“A才B呢”构式和表强调程度义的同形异构构式“A0才B0呢”的差异主要表现在对组成成分的选择差异、形式差异和语用差异
[Abstract]:"A talent B" is a common construction in modern Chinese spoken language, which has its special expression in syntax, semantics and pragmatic functions. The formation of its construction meaning can be explained from the perspective of cognition. The construction of "A is B" is a negative refutation. The variable component "A" can be classified as the first person, the second person and the third person, and the degree of negative refutation of the construction is influenced to some extent when "A" is of different types. Variable B can be used by verbs, verb phrases, nouns and adjectives. In terms of emotional color, B is the most common derogatory component, and can also be neutral. When "A" is a [anomalous] noun and "B" is a verb component of a non-monosyllabic smooth pole verb, the construction can omit the constant and become a variant of "AB". The internal subcategories show some differences in the application of communicative situations. The initiation sentences of "A is B" can be divided into simple trigger sentences and complex initiation sentences. In the form of existence, there are two kinds of explicit initiation and recessive initiation. "A just B" is the contrast focus, and the topic focus A and the contrast focus B exist when the explicit negation is shown. The means of expression of focus mainly include focus stress and focus sensitive operator. The cohesive functions of "A just B" in the discourse are mainly "response" and "explanation", and the means to achieve discourse cohesion are mainly lexical cohesion, including the repetition of the original words and the repetition of the general words. The negation mechanism of "A is just B" mainly depends on deductive reasoning. Both of them are activated in the cognitive context of both sides as the large mirror of universal human cognition and the small mirror as the direct environment. The subjectivity of "A talent B" is mainly reflected in visual angle and emotion. From the perspective of "self", the speaker expresses the speaker's subjective attitude and has a strong subjectivity. According to the difference of communication relationship and negative degree, the emotion expressed can be divided into two types: conflict type and non-conflict type. The difference between "A talent B" and "A" isomorphism "A _ 0" is mainly manifested in the difference of "A" and "A". Differences in the selection of components, Formal and pragmatic differences
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2189304
[Abstract]:"A talent B" is a common construction in modern Chinese spoken language, which has its special expression in syntax, semantics and pragmatic functions. The formation of its construction meaning can be explained from the perspective of cognition. The construction of "A is B" is a negative refutation. The variable component "A" can be classified as the first person, the second person and the third person, and the degree of negative refutation of the construction is influenced to some extent when "A" is of different types. Variable B can be used by verbs, verb phrases, nouns and adjectives. In terms of emotional color, B is the most common derogatory component, and can also be neutral. When "A" is a [anomalous] noun and "B" is a verb component of a non-monosyllabic smooth pole verb, the construction can omit the constant and become a variant of "AB". The internal subcategories show some differences in the application of communicative situations. The initiation sentences of "A is B" can be divided into simple trigger sentences and complex initiation sentences. In the form of existence, there are two kinds of explicit initiation and recessive initiation. "A just B" is the contrast focus, and the topic focus A and the contrast focus B exist when the explicit negation is shown. The means of expression of focus mainly include focus stress and focus sensitive operator. The cohesive functions of "A just B" in the discourse are mainly "response" and "explanation", and the means to achieve discourse cohesion are mainly lexical cohesion, including the repetition of the original words and the repetition of the general words. The negation mechanism of "A is just B" mainly depends on deductive reasoning. Both of them are activated in the cognitive context of both sides as the large mirror of universal human cognition and the small mirror as the direct environment. The subjectivity of "A talent B" is mainly reflected in visual angle and emotion. From the perspective of "self", the speaker expresses the speaker's subjective attitude and has a strong subjectivity. According to the difference of communication relationship and negative degree, the emotion expressed can be divided into two types: conflict type and non-conflict type. The difference between "A talent B" and "A" isomorphism "A _ 0" is mainly manifested in the difference of "A" and "A". Differences in the selection of components, Formal and pragmatic differences
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
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