现代汉语味觉词语义语法考察

发布时间：2018-08-25 20:22

【摘要】：味觉词是现代汉语词汇系统中的一个小类，虽然为数不多，却运用广泛，而且在句法语义等方面呈现出了独特的特征。本文在前人的研究基础之上，立足于现代汉语共时层面，运用大量的语言事实，对汉语味觉词的句法功能和认知隐喻能力进行了较为深入的考察。全文共分四个章节。第一章是绪论，主要介绍了本文选题的目的与意义，现代汉语味觉词在语义、文化、句法、认知、类型学等方面的研究现状，以及本文考察时所依托的语料来源。第二章首先从语言学角度对味觉词进行了界定和分类，确定了“酸、甜、苦、辣、鲜、咸”为现代汉语的六个基本味觉词；然后根据认知语言学理论，讨论了味觉隐喻的工作机制；最后通过进一步探讨前人对形容词小类的句法研究，对味觉词的隐喻研究，从而得出了本文的考察重点。第三章详细地考察了现代汉语六个基本味觉词的句法功能。根据形容词的主要句法功能，本章依次考察了基本味觉词在充当主语、谓语、宾语以及定语、状语、补语时的句法特征和语法意义。重点描写了味觉词“苦”作宾语和状语时的相关特征，基本味觉词作补语的两种情况。第四章首先依据语料库统计了现代汉语味觉词的使用概况，接着根据六个味觉词的意义类型和不同味觉词族的隐喻情况，，从隐喻的角度分别对其进行了细致的考察，进而总结了味觉词隐喻的生成机制，并对味觉词隐喻能力不平衡的原因作了探讨。
[Abstract]:Taste words are a small category in modern Chinese lexical system. Although they are few, they are widely used, and they show unique features in syntactic and semantic aspects. On the basis of previous studies and based on the synchronic aspects of modern Chinese, this paper makes a deep study of the syntactic functions and cognitive metaphorical abilities of Chinese taste words using a large number of linguistic facts. The full text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly introduces the purpose and significance of this topic, the modern Chinese taste words in semantic, cultural, syntactic, cognitive, typology, and so on, as well as the source of the corpus. The second chapter defines and classifies taste words from the linguistic point of view, and defines "sour, sweet, bitter, spicy, fresh and salty" as six basic taste words in modern Chinese, and then according to the theory of cognitive linguistics, The working mechanism of taste metaphor is discussed and the focus of this paper is obtained by further discussing the syntactic research of adjective subcategories and metaphor of taste words. Chapter three examines the syntactic functions of six basic taste words in modern Chinese. According to the main syntactic functions of adjectives, this chapter examines the syntactic features and grammatical meanings of basic taste words when they act as subjects, predicates, objects, attributives, adverbials and complements. This paper mainly describes the related features of the taste word "bitter" as object and adverbial, and the two situations in which the basic taste word is used as complement. In chapter four, the general situation of the use of taste words in modern Chinese is analyzed according to the corpus. Then, according to the meaning types of six taste words and the metaphors of different taste word families, the author makes a detailed study of them from the perspective of metaphor. Then it summarizes the mechanism of the metaphorical formation of taste words and probes into the causes of the imbalance in the metaphorical competence of taste words.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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