英汉动宾构式的认知解读

发布时间：2018-08-27 16:48

【摘要】：动宾结构从语言形式上看，是一个动词后面带上一个附加的成分，，我们把这个成分叫做宾语。能够作宾语的词类也有很多，名词、代词、动词、形容词以及名词性短语、动词性短语、形容词性短语和主谓短语都可以作宾语。早在上世纪80年代，语言学家已经注意到动宾结构在汉语和英语两种语言中都是重要组成的部分。汉语中的宾语有受事宾语和施事宾语之分,英语中的宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分。汉语的受事宾语包括对象宾语、工具宾语和处所宾语。它是动作的承受者,基本上相当于英语中的直接宾语。综观前人的研究，主要集中在语法结构本身的研究上，而对于从认知角度研究动宾构式的解释还不太多。本文旨在英汉动宾构式上的研究，尤其是基于原型范畴理论对动宾构式的认知影响。在充分掌握原型范畴理论的前提下，才能切实地了解英汉动宾构式的认知过程。本文研究首先探讨了动宾构式的理论基础----原型范畴理论，包括亚里士多德的经典范畴理论，维特根斯坦的家族相似性理论和原型范畴理论及其语言学意义。然后基于对动词范畴化的典型特点，动词非范畴化的典型性，英语汉语及物性的连续统特征和英语汉语中双宾的连续统特征四个部分的探讨对英汉动宾语范畴从典型到非典型结构的连续统进行深入剖析。接下来从认知动因上对动宾构式的内在系统进行解析，此部分是分别从认知，语用，语法及语义四个角度上来展开探究。基于对动宾构式的范畴化及认知动因的研究，为学习者在动宾构式在翻译上的简捷与提高也提供了一些有用的技巧。
[Abstract]:Verb-object structure, in terms of linguistic form, is a verb followed by an additional element, which we call an object. There are many parts of speech that can be used as objects. Nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives and noun phrases, verb phrases, adjective phrases and subject-predicate phrases can all be used as objects. As early as 1980's, linguists have noticed that verb-object structure is an important part of both Chinese and English. The object in Chinese is divided into the subject object and the agent object, and the object in English is divided into the direct object and the indirect object. Chinese subject object includes object, tool object and place object. It is the acceptor of action, basically equivalent to the direct object in English. The previous studies mainly focus on the grammatical structure itself, but there is not much explanation for the cognitive study of the verb-object construction. The purpose of this paper is to study the verb-object constructions in English and Chinese, especially the cognitive effects of prototype category theory on verb-object constructions. On the premise of fully mastering the prototype category theory, we can really understand the cognitive process of verb-object construction in English and Chinese. This paper first discusses the theoretical basis of verb-object construction-prototype category theory, including Aristotle's classical category theory, Wittgenstein's family similarity theory and prototype category theory and their linguistic significance. Then, based on the typical characteristics of categorization of verbs, the typicality of non-categorization of verbs, The discussion on the Continuum characteristics of English Chinese and its transitivity and the Continuum of double objects in English Chinese the author makes a thorough analysis of the continuum of English and Chinese verb-object categories from typical to atypical structures. Then it analyzes the internal system of verb-object construction from cognitive motivation, which is explored from four perspectives: cognition, pragmatics, grammar and semantics. Based on the study of categorization and cognitive motivation of verb-object constructions, some useful techniques are provided for learners to improve and simplify their translation of verb-object constructions.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H314;H146

【相似文献】