汉越动物俗语的对比研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 20:05

【摘要】：在语言这个符号系统中，俗语是一种以极少的文字反映极多信息的语言形式，言简意赅是它的优势。俗语是通俗并广泛流行的定型语句，大多数是由劳动人民所创造，涉及到生活的各方面，反映了人民生活中的经验和愿望。在越南语和汉语的俗语当中，，动物形象承载了深厚的文化内涵而且出现频繁。动物是人类自然界中最亲切最熟知的朋友，因此以其与人类特有的关系用到俗语中，不仅仅单纯地指代客观存在的动物，而且以达到借物喻事，借物喻人，借物警人，借物讽刺的效果。由于两国不同的地理环境、文化背景、风俗习惯等因素所制，对动物赋予了既相似又相异的感受、联想和文化内涵，因而两国民族总结出来的动物俗语的概念意义和比喻意义之间以及动物形象的隐喻方式既有重合又有冲突。语义差异反映出民族各自的文化形态和特色，也同时导致越南学生学习汉语动物俗语时容易受到母语的影响而产生了偏误。本文选取汉语与越南语中有关动物的俗语为研究对象，运用句法学理论，词汇学理论，语义学理论，隐喻理论，对比语言学理论，文化语言学理论，中介语及偏误分析理论，以问卷调查以及定量考查和定性分析相结合作为主要研究方法，对汉越动物俗语进行对比与分析。全文共分七部分，首先对前人对汉语和越语俗语研究状况进行综述，简单地叙述两国研究者，学习者已发表跟俗语研究有关的论文和文章。其次是对汉语和越南语俗语概述情况包括俗语的定义、来源、性质、结构、语义这五个方面进行总结与叙述。第三，讨论汉越动物俗语的基本情况和汉越俗语中动物形象的象征意义。第四，探讨了汉越动物俗语的语意对应关系与隐喻认知对比。第五，主要从自然环境、生活方式、信仰观念三方面对汉越动物俗语反映的社会文化背景进行比较，分析中越两国人民对动物的不同情感态度，探讨汉越动物俗语的文化内涵。第六部分是通过调查问卷收集越南学习者在理解和使用汉语动物俗语中所产生的偏误进行分类和举例分析，归纳出偏误的特征，分析所造成偏误的各种原因。根据越南学习者汉语俗语学习情况的调查结果指出汉语教学与学习中所存在的问题，从而，提出对越南学习者汉语俗语学习与汉语俗语教学的对策和建议。第七部分结语，对本文研究进行了简要总结。
[Abstract]:In the symbolic system of language, colloquialism is a kind of language form which reflects a great deal of information with very few words. Colloquialism is a popular and popular stereotype, most of which are created by the working people and relate to all aspects of life, reflecting the experience and desire of the people in life. In Vietnamese and Chinese idioms, animal images bear profound cultural connotations and appear frequently. Animals are the kindest and most familiar friends in human nature. Therefore, because of their unique relationship with human beings, they are used in the common saying, not only to refer to the objective existence of animals, but also to reach the purpose of referring to things by means of things, to people by means of things, The sarcastic effect of borrowing. As a result of the different geographical environment, cultural background, customs and habits of the two countries, the animals are given both similar and different feelings, associations and cultural connotations. Therefore, the conceptual and metaphorical meanings of the animal idioms summed up by the two peoples and the metaphorical ways of the animal images overlap and conflict. Semantic differences reflect the cultural patterns and characteristics of each nation, and at the same time make Vietnamese students prone to the influence of their mother tongue when learning Chinese animal sayings. In this paper, the animal idioms in Chinese and Vietnamese are chosen as the object of study, using syntactic theory, lexicology theory, semantics theory, metaphor theory, contrastive linguistics theory, cultural linguistics theory, interlanguage and error analysis theory. Taking questionnaire survey, quantitative examination and qualitative analysis as the main research methods, this paper contrasts and analyzes the Chinese and Vietnamese animal idioms. The full text is divided into seven parts. Firstly, it summarizes the previous researches on Chinese and Vietnamese colloquial language, and briefly describes the researchers and learners of the two countries who have published papers and articles related to the study of colloquial expressions. Secondly, it summarizes and narrates the definition, source, nature, structure and semantics of Chinese and Vietnamese colloquial. Third, discuss the basic situation of Han-Yue animal saying and the symbolic meaning of animal image in Han-Yue saying. Fourthly, the comparison between semantic correspondence and metaphorical cognition of Chinese and Vietnamese animal idioms is discussed. Fifthly, it compares the social and cultural background reflected by the Chinese and Vietnamese animal sayings from the three aspects of natural environment, life style and belief concept, analyzes the different emotional attitudes of the Chinese and Vietnamese people towards animals, and probes into the cultural connotations of the Chinese and Vietnamese animal sayings. In the sixth part, Vietnamese learners' errors in understanding and using Chinese animal sayings are classified and analyzed by questionnaire, and the characteristics of errors are summarized and the causes of errors are analyzed. According to the investigation results of Vietnamese learners' Chinese colloquial learning, the problems in Chinese teaching and learning are pointed out, and the countermeasures and suggestions for Vietnamese learners' Chinese colloquial learning and Chinese colloquial teaching are put forward. The seventh part of the conclusion, this paper is a brief summary of the study.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H44

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