量词理据在对韩汉语教学中作用的调查

发布时间：2018-09-12 09:01

【摘要】：量词是一种表示计量单位的词，通行的解释是表示人、事物或动作行为单位的词。汉语属汉藏语系，其量词非常丰富，是区别于印欧语系各语言的重要特征。量词作为一种特殊的词类，，除了印欧语系之外，其他语系中都不同程度上拥有一定数量，但是它们并没有汉语中的量词复杂、系统、全面。对外汉语教学中的量词教学一直是一个难点，特别是对于与汉语不同语系的学生而言就更加困难。我国的对外汉语教学界的学者们对量词教学进行了深入的研究，取得了丰富的成果。现代汉语中的量词是从古代汉语发展而来，大都是从名词或其他词类逐渐虚化而来，圆的东西量词是“颗”，长的东西称“条”都有理据可说。本文拟对现代汉语中的常见量词追本溯源，探讨其词义特征和使用规律，从另外一个角度帮助留学生认识汉语和学习汉语。古代汉语是用汉字记载流传的，汉字是表意字，字形可以表达部分词义特征。汉语中自源量词来源古老，数量有限，使用频率很高，大部分与文字的本义相关联。通过字形了解量词的理据和使用方法，虽然迂曲，但有时候不失为一种有趣的方法，有一定的参考价值。本文主要结合笔者在韩国期间的量词教学和调查展开，记录了一些对于韩国学生的一些教学经验和教学方法，以及汉语量词理据性教学在韩国学生中开展的可能性；并对于一些量词在一般教学中容易出现的偏误加以分析；为了方便教学笔者还进而分析《汉语水平等级标准与语法等级大纲》中59个量词中的常用量词。作者初步探讨了汉语量词理据性在对外汉语教学中的作用，取得了一些认识：部分量词可以适当地通过理据性教学提高教学效果。
[Abstract]:A quantifier is a word representing a unit of measure, and a popular interpretation is a word representing a person, thing, or unit of action. Chinese belongs to the Chinese-Tibetan language family, its quantifier is very rich, is different from the Indo-European language each language important characteristic. As a special part of speech, classifiers have a certain number in different degrees except Indo-European languages, but they are not as complex, systematic and comprehensive as the classifiers in Chinese. Quantifier teaching is always a difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, especially for students of different languages. The scholars in the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language have made a deep research on the teaching of classifiers, and have achieved a lot of results. The classifiers in modern Chinese are developed from ancient Chinese, mostly from nouns or other parts of speech. This paper attempts to trace back to the common quantifiers in modern Chinese, to discuss the meaning and usage of them, and to help foreign students to understand and learn Chinese from another angle. Ancient Chinese was recorded and circulated by Chinese characters. Chinese characters are ideographic characters. The source quantifiers in Chinese are of ancient origin, limited number and high frequency of use, most of them are associated with the literal meaning. It is an interesting method to understand the motivation and use of quantifiers through the font, although it is tortuous, and has some reference value. Based on the teaching and investigation of classifiers during the period of the author's stay in Korea, this paper records some teaching experiences and teaching methods for Korean students, as well as the possibility of the motivation teaching of Chinese classifiers among Korean students. In order to facilitate the teaching, the author also analyzes the commonly used quantifiers in 59 classifiers in the outline of Chinese proficiency and Grammar grades. The author preliminarily discusses the role of motivation of Chinese classifiers in teaching Chinese as a foreign language and obtains some understandings: some quantifiers can improve the teaching effect through motivation teaching.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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