“酸”和“sour”的认知语义对比研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 11:07

【摘要】：味觉是人类最基本、最重要的感知能力之一，对味觉词的研究即是对人类认知能力研究的一部分。从文献回顾上看，西方学者主要从隐喻角度研究味觉词的映射；国内学者从语法、隐喻认知和文化等角度进行研究。目前单独对“酸”和“sour”的对比研究不多。本论文收集“酸”和“sour”相关的语料，运用认知语言学的隐喻和转喻理论，对“酸”和“sour”的原型词义和其扩展义进行细致的描写和分析，理清两个词的语义发展脉络，构建“酸”和“sour”的原义和其拓展义之间的语义结构。本论文的语料主要来自权威的字典和相关的语料库，汉语语料主要来源于《现代汉语词典》、《当代汉语字典》、《在线汉语字典》、《在线中华字典》、《在线康熙字典》以及“北大语料库”。英语语料主要来源于《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》、《朗文高阶英汉双解词典》、《朗文当代英语词典》、《牛津英语词典》、《美国传统词典》、《韦氏在线词典》、《韦氏词典》、《词源在线词典》和BNC语料库。本论文基于语料，运用原则性多义词分析法，描述“酸”和“sour”在语义发展过程中的共同点和差异。本论文旨在探究“酸”和“sour”在汉英两种语言中的语义拓展和语言表达上的异同，阐释中英文化的差异在语言上的细腻体现。对于“酸”和“sour”的语义拓展所呈现的差异，本论文从思维方式、传统文化、历史发展和自然环境四方面进行讨论,得出结论：1）“酸”和“sour”在中英两种文化中的共性是基于人类相同的身体经验；2）差异则反映了思维方式对语义结构的影响，，传统文化佛教和科举制度对中国人的影响，历史的发展促进汉英形成独特的表达，英国的自然环境对“sour”的语义拓展的影响。
[Abstract]:Taste is one of the most basic and important cognitive abilities of human beings. The study of taste words is a part of the study of human cognitive ability. From the perspective of literature review, Western scholars mainly study the mapping of taste words from the perspective of metaphor, while domestic scholars study from the perspectives of grammar, metaphorical cognition and culture. At present, there are few comparative studies on acid and sour alone. This thesis collects the relevant corpus of "sour" and "sour", uses the metaphor and metonymy theory of cognitive linguistics, describes and analyzes the prototype word meaning and its extended meaning of "sour" and "sour" in detail, and clarifies the semantic development of the two words. Construct the semantic structure between the original meaning and the extended meaning of acid and sour. The corpus of this thesis is mainly from authoritative dictionaries and related corpus. Chinese corpus mainly comes from Modern Chinese Dictionary, Contemporary Chinese Dictionary, online Kangxi Dictionary and Peking University Corpus. English corpus mainly comes from Oxford High order English-Chinese Dictionary, Longman Contemporary English Dictionary, Oxford English Dictionary, American traditional Dictionary, Webster online Dictionary, Webster Dictionary, etymological Origin Line Dictionary and BNC Corpus. Based on the corpus, this paper describes the similarities and differences between "acid" and "sour" in the process of semantic development by using the method of principled polysemous analysis. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the similarities and differences of semantic expansion and language expression between "sour" and "sour" in both Chinese and English languages, and to explain the differences between Chinese and English cultures. For the differences in semantic expansion between "acid" and "sour", this paper discusses the way of thinking, traditional culture, historical development and natural environment. The conclusion is that the commonness of "sour" and "sour" in Chinese and British cultures is based on the same human body experience. The difference reflects the influence of thinking mode on semantic structure, and the influence of traditional culture Buddhism and imperial examination system on Chinese. The development of history promotes the formation of unique expressions in Chinese and English, and the influence of the natural environment of Britain on the semantic expansion of "sour".
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

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