哈萨克族与马相关的词语及其文化透视

发布时间：2018-10-05 20:19

【摘要】：哈萨克族是一个具有悠久历史的游牧民族，也是一个闻名于世的“马背民族”，在漫长的历史发展过程中，哈萨克族创造了独特的草原文化，马在哈萨克人的生活中发挥着举足轻重的作用，马既是生产工具又是生活资料。哈萨克族把马当做社会经济和社会生活的支柱产业，把马用于交通运输、战争、打猎、迁徙、娱乐、食物等等方面，与马同呼吸共命运，马对哈萨克族的生存和发展起了很重要的作用。因为有了马哈萨克族人才能驰骋在辽阔的草原上，哈萨克人的生活与马紧密相连。哈萨克族积累了很多牧马的知识和经验，在他的语言中马相关专用词汇非常丰富，并且形成了以马为中心的独特畜牧业文化。本论文从文化语言学的角度挖掘马相关词汇及其它所体现的哈萨克族马文化，就是说论文既要揭示语言现象，又要阐述文化现象。语言是文化的载体，通过一个民族的语言，我们可以了解该民族的风俗习惯、生活方式、思维特点等文化特征，而语言中最活跃的部分是词汇，从一个民族的词汇系统中我们可以了解更多文化现象。因此本论文首先从哈萨克语马相关的专用词语和熟语入手，梳理和分析了哈萨克语马相关的词汇，揭示了哈萨克语马相关词汇的意义类别，结构特征以及所包含的文化内涵。论文在此基础上进一步梳理和揭示了哈萨克族马文化，从而丰富这一领域的研究。论文分为三个部分。第一部分为绪论，阐述论文研究目的和意义、哈萨克族及文化概况以及草原文化与马的关系。第二部分为正文，分三章。第一章概述马相关的专用词语及熟语，并进行分类，探讨马相关的熟语的文化内涵；第二章为马相关专用词语结构及理据分析，从形态学和语义学角度对哈萨克族马相关的词语进行了结构分析和理据研究，从结构上分析马相关的熟语；第三章为哈萨克族的马文化，从语言文化学的角度，对哈萨克族马文化进行了概述，梳理了马相关的风俗习惯，同时介绍了哈萨克民间文学与马，以及哈萨克族的传统驯养马、相马及调养快马的技艺以及哈萨克族的马上娱乐活动，还对哈萨克族的马具进行了分类，介绍了制作材料，概述了马肉和马奶子。第三部分为结语，对论文内容进行总结。总之，哈萨克族马文化是哈萨克传统文化的主要组成部分，是非常宝贵的非物质文化遗产。今天科学技术的突飞猛进、信息化时代的到来以及全球化进程的进一步扩大，哈萨克族马文化受到很大的挑战，哈萨克族马文化处于濒临灭绝状态。因此，抢救、保护、传承和利用这一优秀非物质文化遗产，不但具有重大的社会意义，，而且也有巨大的经济效益。
[Abstract]:The Kazakh is a nomadic people with a long history, and is also a famous "horseback nation". During the long history, the Kazakh people created a unique prairie culture. Horse plays an important role in Kazakh life, horse is not only a means of production but also a means of livelihood. The Kazakh people regarded horses as the mainstay of social, economic and social life, and used them for transportation, war, hunting, migration, entertainment, food, and so on. Horse plays an important role in the survival and development of Kazakh people. Because the Kazakh people can ride on the vast grasslands, the life of the Kazakh people is closely connected with the horse. The Kazakh people have accumulated a lot of knowledge and experience of horse husbandry. In his language horse related vocabulary is very rich and has formed a unique animal husbandry culture centered on horses. From the perspective of cultural linguistics, this paper excavates horse related vocabulary and other reflected Kazakh horse culture, that is to say, the thesis not only reveals the linguistic phenomenon, but also expounds the cultural phenomenon. Language is the carrier of culture, through the language of a nation, we can understand the customs, habits, ways of life, thinking characteristics and other cultural characteristics of the nation, and the most active part of the language is vocabulary. We can learn more about cultural phenomena from a nation's lexical system. Therefore, this paper begins with the special words and idioms related to Kazakh horses, combs and analyzes the relevant words of Kazakh horses, and reveals the meaning categories, structural characteristics and cultural connotations of Kazakh horse related words. On this basis, the paper further combs and reveals the Kazakh horse culture, thus enriching the research in this field. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the introduction, expounding the purpose and significance of the paper, the general situation of Kazakh nationality and culture, and the relationship between grassland culture and horse. The second part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter summarizes and classifies the horse-related idioms and idioms, and probes into the cultural connotations of horse-related idioms, the second chapter analyzes the structure and motivation of horse-related idioms. From the angle of morphology and semantics, this paper analyzes the structure and motivation of the horse related words of the Kazak nationality, and analyzes the horse related idioms from the structure; the third chapter is the horse culture of the Kazakh nationality, from the perspective of linguistic culture. This paper summarizes the horse culture of the Kazakh nationality, combs the customs and habits related to the horse, introduces the Kazakh folklore and horse, as well as the traditional domestication of the Kazakh horse. The techniques of raising horses and the entertainment activities of Kazakh horses are also discussed. The Kazakh horses are classified, the materials of making are introduced, and the horse meat and horse tits are summarized. The third part is the conclusion, which summarizes the content of the thesis. In short, Kazakh horse culture is the main component of Kazakh traditional culture, and is a very valuable intangible cultural heritage. With the rapid development of science and technology, the arrival of the information age and the further expansion of the globalization process, the Kazakh horse culture has been greatly challenged, and the Kazakh horse culture is on the verge of extinction. Therefore, rescuing, protecting, inheriting and utilizing this outstanding intangible cultural heritage is not only of great social significance, but also of great economic benefit.
【学位授予单位】：伊犁师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H236

【参考文献】