高安（太阳）方言单双字调声学实验研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 19:19

【摘要】：高安方言属于赣方言,但高安方言也有自己的特点。高安方言的研究现在还比较少,已有的研究很少注意到高安话内部的差异,因而对高安地方话的研究还没有深入展开。本文就以高安太阳镇话为研究对象,填补高安方言的一个空缺。本文通过声学实验的方法研究高安太阳方言的单字调、双字调,主要通过praat等语音软件提取单字和两字组的基频和时长参数来研究高安话太阳话的单字调、双字调的调值和音长。此外,还研究了双字调的变调类型,归纳了二字组连读变调的模式。全文主要分为六部分：第一部分是引言。交待了本文的选题缘由、研究内容和意义,介绍了高安的地理历史概况,总结了高安方言的研究现状,对我国声调实验的研究情况也作了简要介绍。第二部分调查、整理了高安太阳话的音系。归纳了高安太阳方言的声韵调系统,将声母和韵母作了古今对比,总结了太阳话的声韵调特点。此外,尽可能完善太阳话的语音系统研究,如制作了声韵配合关系表、声韵调配合关系表,整理了太阳话的同音字表。第三部分是声调实验操作说明。探讨了声调承载段的确定,阐明了本文选择的基频归一方法即LZ值归一法。之后,简略介绍了本次实验的步骤。第四部分是太阳话单字调的音高和时长声学实验研究。首先,通过praat语音软件提取太阳话单字六个调类的基频数值,经过LZ值转换,确定各个调类的五度值,画出单字调格局图。其次,提取单字调的绝对时长数据,根据计算公式转化为相对时长,使之具有可比性,将太阳话的六个调类的时长进行了比较。第五部分是太阳话双字调的音高和时长实验研究,主要是双字调的变调类型、变调模式和时长的比较。太阳话的变调类型分为中重型和重轻型。首先是双字调音高的分析。通过对六个声调分别做前字和后字时的调型、调值变化,考察了中重型两字组的各个调类的调位变体和变调模式,分析了中重型的变调类型和条件。中重型属于语音变调,其中有可分为调位性和非调位性变调。根据连调音变方式的不同,语音变调又可分为简化型、中和型和异化型变调。中重型变调这几种变调类型都有。对于重轻型则采用了另一种方式来分析。直接通过双字调的基频测算,分析前后字的调型、调值,将重轻型的33个组合归纳为9种变调模式,然后分析其变调类型、变调的过程和原因。其次是时长分析。对两种类型的双字调的前字、后字、调间和前后字调长以及单字调长进行了比较。最后一部分对本文的实验结果和分析做了简要总结。
[Abstract]:Gaoan dialect belongs to Gan dialect, but it also has its own characteristics. There are few researches on Gaoan dialect, and few researches have paid attention to the internal differences of Gaoan dialect, so the research on Gaoan dialect has not been carried out in depth. In this paper, Gaoan Yangzhen dialect is taken as the research object to fill a gap in Gaoan dialect. In this paper, we study the single tone and double tone of Gao'an Yang dialect by means of acoustic experiments. We mainly use praat to extract the fundamental frequency and duration parameters of single word and two-character group to study the single character tone of Gao'an dialect. The tone and sound length of a double tone. In addition, the tonal type of double-character tone is studied, and the mode of two-character combination tone modification is summarized. The full text is divided into six parts: the first part is the introduction. This paper explains the reason, content and significance of this paper, introduces the geographical history of Gao'an, summarizes the present research situation of Gao'an dialect, and briefly introduces the research situation of tone experiment in China. The second part investigates the phonological system of Gao'an Yang dialect. This paper sums up the phonological tone system of Gao'an Yang dialect, compares the consonant and vowel with the ancient and modern, and summarizes the phonological characteristics of Yang dialect. In addition, the phonetic system of Yanghua is improved as far as possible, for example, the phonetic matching relation table, the phonetic tone matching relation table and the homonym table of Yanghua are made. The third part is the operation explanation of tone experiment. In this paper, the determination of tone bearing section is discussed, and the fundamental frequency normalization method chosen in this paper, I. e., LZ value normalization method, is expounded. After that, the steps of this experiment are briefly introduced. The fourth part is the experimental study of pitch and duration of the single tone of Yanghua. Firstly, the fundamental frequency values of the six tones of the Yanghua single word are extracted by the praat speech software, and the five-degree values of each tone category are determined through the conversion of the LZ values, and the figure of the single word tone pattern is drawn. Secondly, the absolute time data of single tone are extracted and converted to relative time according to the calculation formula, so that it is comparable, and the duration of the six tone categories of Yanghua is compared. The fifth part is the experimental study on the pitch and duration of the double tone of Yanghua, which is mainly the comparison of the tone type, the mode of tone change and the duration of the double tone. The change of tone of Yangzi is divided into medium heavy and heavy light. The first is the analysis of double-character tone. Based on the changes of tone types and tone values of the front and rear characters of the six tones respectively, this paper investigates the toning variations and the mode of each tone type in the medium and heavy parts, and analyzes the types and conditions of the variations of the medium and heavy tones. Medium and heavy-duty is a phonetic tone change, which can be divided into tonality and non-modulation. According to the different mode of continuous tone change, the tone change can be divided into three types: simplified, neutral and dissimilated. There are several types of medium-and heavy-duty variations. For heavy light, there is another way to analyze it. By measuring the fundamental frequency of the double tone, this paper analyzes the tone type and the modulation value of the front and rear characters. The 33 combination of heavy and light weight are summed up into 9 tone changing modes, and then the change type, the process and the reason of the change are analyzed. The second is the time analysis. This paper compares the front and rear characters of the two types of double tone, the length of tone before and after, and the length of single word. In the last part, the experimental results and analysis are summarized briefly.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H175

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