模因论视角下的仿拟研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 16:15

【摘要】：模因论是基于生物进化理论提出的一种新理论,模因论的核心概念是模因(meme)。模因是通过模仿而得到传播的文化进化的基本单位。模因论认为任何一种现象只要能够通过模仿而传播,就是模因。自1976年模因的提出,模因理论逐渐发展并应用于各领域。仿拟长久以来被认为是修辞学中的一种重要的修辞手法,是人们根据交际的需要,对现成的词汇,短语,句子乃至语篇进行创造性模仿的修辞手法。由于之前的仿拟研究大多停留在修辞层面,本文旨在从模因论的视角进行系统的英汉仿拟研究,其契合点在于：一、仿拟是一种语言现象,通过模仿而生成；二、模因是文化复制因子,语言模因通过仿拟而传播。本文探讨了模因论视角下成功仿拟的三要素、仿拟传播机制的四阶段、语言模因和仿拟的关系、表现型和基因型模因对仿拟的解释、仿拟的分类以及强势和弱势模因的的相对性和动态变化。本文主要运用定性研究,从模因论的基本理论着手,结合语言模因,探讨社会语言中的仿拟现象。选用语料来源为电视节目、广播、新闻、网络语言等英汉仿拟语料,涵盖词汇、词组、句式及语篇层面的实例。本文认为,模因论适用于解释英汉仿拟现象；成功的仿拟表达传播的语言模因符合成功模因的三要素：长寿性,多产性和保真性；仿拟的机制符合语言模因传播的四阶段：同化,记忆,表达和传播；仿拟的实现有赖于有意识、有目的的人类言语行为,以语言为载体,从而使无意识、无目的的语言模因得以传播；广义上而言,任何一种语言形式都属于语言模因基因型或表现型,但仿拟多属于语言模因表现型传播；强势模因和弱势模因是相对的而非绝对的,两者因语境不同而呈动态变化。经过具体分析,本文认为模因论用于解释社会语言现象,是社会科学和自然科学的跨学科融合,为仿拟研究提供了新路径,对于仿拟现象具有较强的解释力。但同时由于模因论还处于起步阶段,发展还不够成熟,模因论还有广阔的发展空间。
[Abstract]:Memetics is a new theory based on biological evolution theory. The core concept of memetics is meme (meme). Meme is the basic unit of cultural evolution transmitted through imitation. Memetics holds that any phenomenon that can be propagated through imitation is meme. Since the introduction of meme in 1976, meme theory has been developed and applied in various fields. Parody has long been regarded as an important rhetorical device in rhetoric. It is a rhetorical device for people to make creative imitation of ready-made vocabulary, phrases, sentences and even discourse according to the needs of communication. As most of the previous parody studies remain at the rhetorical level, this thesis aims to conduct a systematic study of English and Chinese parody from the perspective of memetics. The corresponding points are as follows: first, imitation is a linguistic phenomenon, generated by imitation; second, Meme is a cultural replicator, and language meme propagates through imitation. This paper discusses the three elements of successful imitation from the perspective of memetics, the four stages of imitating propagation mechanism, the relationship between language meme and parody, and the interpretation of phenotype and genotype meme to parody. The classification of parody and the relativity and dynamic change of strong and weak memes. This paper mainly uses qualitative research, starting from the basic theory of memetics and combining linguistic memes to explore the parody phenomenon in social language. English and Chinese paraphrase data are selected from TV programs, radio, news, internet language and so on, covering examples of vocabulary, phrase, sentence structure and discourse level. This paper holds that memetics can be used to explain English and Chinese parody phenomena, and that the language memes of successful parody expression communication accord with the three elements of successful memes: longevity, prolificacy and fidelity. The mechanism of imitation accords with the four stages of language meme communication: assimilation, memory, expression and communication. In a broad sense, any language form belongs to the language meme genotype or phenotype, but parody mostly belongs to the transmission of linguistic meme representation, and the strong meme and the weak meme are relative rather than absolute. They change dynamically because of the different context. Through concrete analysis, this paper holds that memetics is a cross-disciplinary fusion of social science and natural science, which is used to explain social language phenomena, and provides a new path for the study of imitation. It has a strong explanatory power for imitation phenomena. But at the same time, because the memetics is still in its infancy, its development is not mature enough.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315

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