趋向动词“上”和“起”及相关动趋式的比较研究
发布时间：2018-10-22 08:25
【摘要】：现代汉语中的趋向动词有着复杂的意义和功能，向来是语法学界讨论的热点问题之一，也是对外汉语教学中的一大难点。本文从一组意义相关的趋向动词“上”和“起”及相关的复合趋向动词入手，讨论二者在充当补语这一语法功能上的特点，从词汇意义、句式结构（动趋式）等层面，对二者的异同进行比较，并尝试运用认知语言学的相关理论分别构拟出趋向动词“上”和“起”的意象图式，分析造成二者语义交叉及语义分化的原因和机制。同时，本文也从历时的视角探讨“上”和“起”的语法化脉络，以补证它们共时层面在语义意义和句法功能上的异同。 本文第一章简要介绍本研究的源起和研究目的、所运用的相关认知语言学理论背景以及前人对相关问题的研究成果。 第二章分析探讨趋向动词“上”和“起”在充当补语时的语法意义和句式结构（动趋式）。将语法意义分为基本趋向意义、结果意义、状态意义及评价意义，并在每一类意义下进行细分，列举“上”和“起”在每种意义下可进入的句式结构，比对二者在各类意义和句式分布上的异同。 第三章进一步分析探讨趋向动词“上”和“起”所构成的复合趋向动词“上来”、“上去”和“起来”在充当补语时的语法意义和句式结构，同样从基本趋向意义、结果意义、状态意义及评价意义四个方面进行描写，并结合单纯趋向动词“上”和“起”在各类意义中的表现进行比较。 第四章在前两章的基础上具体分析“上”类和“起”类趋向动词充当补语时在各个意义层面下的异同，并从认知语言学的角度进行分析，构拟出二者各自的意象图式体系。 第五章探讨“上”和“起”在历时过程中的语义流变及句法表现，简要描写它们各自的语法化历程。 第六章为结语，，总结概括本研究的主要内容和结论。
[Abstract]:The directional verbs in modern Chinese have complex meanings and functions, which have always been one of the hot issues discussed in grammar circles, and are also a major difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper begins with a group of related directional verbs "Shang" and "Qi" and related compound directional verbs, and discusses their grammatical functions as complements, from the aspects of lexical meaning, sentence structure (move-oriented) and so on. This paper compares the similarities and differences between the two, and tries to construct the image schemata of the directional verb "up" and "starting" by using the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, and analyzes the causes and mechanism of their semantic crossover and semantic differentiation. At the same time, this paper also discusses the grammaticalization of "Shang" and "Qi" from a diachronic perspective in order to supplement their synchronic differences in semantic meaning and syntactic functions. The first chapter briefly introduces the origin and purpose of this study, the theoretical background of relevant cognitive linguistics and the previous research results on related issues. Chapter two discusses the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" when they act as complements. The grammatical meaning is divided into basic trend meaning, result meaning, state meaning and evaluation meaning. In each sense, the grammatical meaning is subdivided to enumerate the sentence structure that "Shang" and "Qi" can enter in each sense. Compare the similarities and differences between the two in all kinds of meanings and sentence patterns. The third chapter further analyzes the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the compound directional verb "up", "up" and "up", which are composed of the verb "up" and "rising", and the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the verb "up" and "up" in the same way as the basic directional meaning and the resultant meaning. This paper describes the state meaning and the evaluation meaning, and compares the performance of the simple directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" in all kinds of meanings. On the basis of the first two chapters, the fourth chapter concretely analyzes the similarities and differences between the "Shang" category and the "starting" type verb when they act as complements, and analyzes them from the perspective of cognitive linguistics to construct their respective image schema systems. The fifth chapter discusses the semantic evolution and syntactic expression of "Shang" and "Yuan" in the diachronic process, and briefly describes their respective grammaticalization process. Chapter six is the conclusion, which summarizes the main contents and conclusions of this study.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2286637
[Abstract]:The directional verbs in modern Chinese have complex meanings and functions, which have always been one of the hot issues discussed in grammar circles, and are also a major difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper begins with a group of related directional verbs "Shang" and "Qi" and related compound directional verbs, and discusses their grammatical functions as complements, from the aspects of lexical meaning, sentence structure (move-oriented) and so on. This paper compares the similarities and differences between the two, and tries to construct the image schemata of the directional verb "up" and "starting" by using the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, and analyzes the causes and mechanism of their semantic crossover and semantic differentiation. At the same time, this paper also discusses the grammaticalization of "Shang" and "Qi" from a diachronic perspective in order to supplement their synchronic differences in semantic meaning and syntactic functions. The first chapter briefly introduces the origin and purpose of this study, the theoretical background of relevant cognitive linguistics and the previous research results on related issues. Chapter two discusses the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" when they act as complements. The grammatical meaning is divided into basic trend meaning, result meaning, state meaning and evaluation meaning. In each sense, the grammatical meaning is subdivided to enumerate the sentence structure that "Shang" and "Qi" can enter in each sense. Compare the similarities and differences between the two in all kinds of meanings and sentence patterns. The third chapter further analyzes the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the compound directional verb "up", "up" and "up", which are composed of the verb "up" and "rising", and the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the verb "up" and "up" in the same way as the basic directional meaning and the resultant meaning. This paper describes the state meaning and the evaluation meaning, and compares the performance of the simple directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" in all kinds of meanings. On the basis of the first two chapters, the fourth chapter concretely analyzes the similarities and differences between the "Shang" category and the "starting" type verb when they act as complements, and analyzes them from the perspective of cognitive linguistics to construct their respective image schema systems. The fifth chapter discusses the semantic evolution and syntactic expression of "Shang" and "Yuan" in the diachronic process, and briefly describes their respective grammaticalization process. Chapter six is the conclusion, which summarizes the main contents and conclusions of this study.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H146
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