汉英拟人修辞的认知对比研究
发布时间：2018-10-29 11:00
【摘要】：拟人作为我国传统的文学艺术表现手法之一，早在《诗经》、《楚辞》等先秦文学作品中就已经得到运用，我国学者对汉语拟人修辞的研究取得了丰硕的成果，但仍有一些现象值得我们关注与思考。如对拟人修辞的研究重微观、轻宏观，没有充分运用国外的认知语言学理论和研究方法对拟人修辞展开系统的、理论性的探究，没有把对拟人修辞的研究上升到论证性和解释性的高度，往往把对拟人修辞的探究与讨论集中于总结归纳和对此进行描写说明的层面上。对拟人修辞往往开展的是“就辞格论辞格”的程式化、单一化研究，这种研究依托于修辞学的内部理论和方法，以占有丰富的拟人话语材料为基础，采用正向思维方式对拟人进行考察，较少考虑从多侧面、多角度运用其他与修辞学相关的诸如认知语言学、认知心理学等的学科理论对拟人修辞进行考察研究。因此，拟人修辞独有的内涵、规律与特征较难得到完整地体现。 本文在认知语言学视角下对汉英拟人修辞进行诠释与对比分析。从认知语言学角度，运用概念隐喻理论双域映射观，将拟人的本体和拟体分别视为“目标域”和“源域”，将汉英拟人重新定义为：拟人以体验性和相似性为基础，通过认知加工把两个不同概念之间的某一属性特征突显出来并作跨认知域的单向双层投射后产生的，这种投射实现了拟人源域向目标域的跨越并产生了两域之间恰当的叠合效应。创造性的将拟人分为突显事体的拟人和突显行为的拟人两种类型。同时，运用徐盛桓先生提出的“外延内涵传承说”等认知语言学理论，解释了为什么能发生这样的“映射”，即拟人机制为什么能这样运作。说明拟人不仅是一种修辞现象、表现手法，更是一种认知现象、思维方式。此外，，本文从认知模式、汉英语言心理特征、图形背景分离理论等角度对汉英拟人修辞进行对比分析，在认知语言学框架下论证了英语较之汉语有着更强的拟人倾向，汉英拟人有差异也有相同。
[Abstract]:Personification, as one of the traditional literary and artistic expression techniques in China, has been used in the literary works of the Pre-Qin Dynasty, such as the Book of songs and songs of Chu, and Chinese scholars have made fruitful achievements in the study of Chinese personification rhetoric. However, there are still some phenomena worth our attention and thinking. For example, the study of anthropomorphic rhetoric emphasizes microcosmic, neglects macro, and does not make full use of foreign cognitive linguistic theories and research methods to carry out systematic, theoretical research on personification rhetoric. The research on personification rhetoric has not been raised to the level of argumentation and explanation, and the exploration and discussion of personification rhetoric are often concentrated on the level of summing up and describing it. The study of personification is often based on the internal theory and method of rhetoric, which is based on the abundant material of personification discourse. In this paper, we investigate personification in the way of forward thinking, and less consider the study of personification rhetoric from many aspects and from many angles, such as cognitive linguistics, cognitive psychology, and other disciplines related to rhetorical theory, such as cognitive linguistics, cognitive psychology and so on. Therefore, the unique connotation, laws and characteristics of anthropomorphic rhetoric are difficult to be fully embodied. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper makes a contrastive analysis of personification in Chinese and English. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper applies the concept of conceptual metaphor theory to dual domain mapping, regards personification ontology and personification as "target domain" and "source domain", respectively, and redefines personification in Chinese and English as: personification is based on experience and similarity. Through cognitive processing, a certain attribute feature between two different concepts is highlighted and generated by a one-way bilevel projection across cognitive domains. This projection realizes the crossing from pseudo-human domain to target domain and produces an appropriate superposition effect between the two domains. Creative personification can be divided into two types: personification of salient matter and personification of salient behavior. At the same time, using the cognitive linguistic theory such as "extension connotation inheritance" proposed by Mr. Xu Shenghuan, this paper explains why such a "mapping" occurs, that is, why the personification mechanism works in this way. It shows that personification is not only a rhetorical phenomenon, but also a cognitive phenomenon and a mode of thinking. In addition, from the perspective of cognitive mode, the psychological characteristics of Chinese and English language, and the theory of the separation of graphic background, this paper makes a contrastive analysis of anthropomorphic rhetoric in Chinese and English, and demonstrates that English has a stronger tendency to personify than Chinese in the framework of cognitive linguistics. There are differences in personification between Chinese and English.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315
本文编号：2297509
[Abstract]:Personification, as one of the traditional literary and artistic expression techniques in China, has been used in the literary works of the Pre-Qin Dynasty, such as the Book of songs and songs of Chu, and Chinese scholars have made fruitful achievements in the study of Chinese personification rhetoric. However, there are still some phenomena worth our attention and thinking. For example, the study of anthropomorphic rhetoric emphasizes microcosmic, neglects macro, and does not make full use of foreign cognitive linguistic theories and research methods to carry out systematic, theoretical research on personification rhetoric. The research on personification rhetoric has not been raised to the level of argumentation and explanation, and the exploration and discussion of personification rhetoric are often concentrated on the level of summing up and describing it. The study of personification is often based on the internal theory and method of rhetoric, which is based on the abundant material of personification discourse. In this paper, we investigate personification in the way of forward thinking, and less consider the study of personification rhetoric from many aspects and from many angles, such as cognitive linguistics, cognitive psychology, and other disciplines related to rhetorical theory, such as cognitive linguistics, cognitive psychology and so on. Therefore, the unique connotation, laws and characteristics of anthropomorphic rhetoric are difficult to be fully embodied. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper makes a contrastive analysis of personification in Chinese and English. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, this paper applies the concept of conceptual metaphor theory to dual domain mapping, regards personification ontology and personification as "target domain" and "source domain", respectively, and redefines personification in Chinese and English as: personification is based on experience and similarity. Through cognitive processing, a certain attribute feature between two different concepts is highlighted and generated by a one-way bilevel projection across cognitive domains. This projection realizes the crossing from pseudo-human domain to target domain and produces an appropriate superposition effect between the two domains. Creative personification can be divided into two types: personification of salient matter and personification of salient behavior. At the same time, using the cognitive linguistic theory such as "extension connotation inheritance" proposed by Mr. Xu Shenghuan, this paper explains why such a "mapping" occurs, that is, why the personification mechanism works in this way. It shows that personification is not only a rhetorical phenomenon, but also a cognitive phenomenon and a mode of thinking. In addition, from the perspective of cognitive mode, the psychological characteristics of Chinese and English language, and the theory of the separation of graphic background, this paper makes a contrastive analysis of anthropomorphic rhetoric in Chinese and English, and demonstrates that English has a stronger tendency to personify than Chinese in the framework of cognitive linguistics. There are differences in personification between Chinese and English.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H15;H315
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