连词“就是”的关联功能及其对外教学研究

发布时间：2018-11-10 19:29

【摘要】：在现代汉语中,“就”与“是”构成的“就是”可以是一个凝固化程度较低的谓词性短语,充当谓语或谓语中心；也可以是一个副词,起修饰作用,用于表范围、强调或语气等；还可以作为连词,起关联作用。连词“就是”可以出现在它所连接的前一分句中,表示让步关系,也可以出现于后一分句中,表示让步、转折、解说等关系。在语用方面,连词“就是”具有衔接功能、标记功能和评价功能,它可以连接体词性词语、谓词性词语或者分句,标记它所连接的前后项成分之间的不同逻辑语义关系,同时具有表达说话人对所表达意义的主观评价及情感和态度。虽然学界对连词“就是”的基本意义看法有分歧,但表选择、让步和转折则是大家所公认的。作为选择关系连词,“就是”与“或者”“还是”的用法有同有异,它不能单用表示选择关系,必须与“不是”配合构成“不是……就是……”格式中表不二者择其一的选择关系。表让步关系时,“就是”经常与“也”构成“就是……也……”格式,其后接成分可以是纯粹的假设,也可以是实事虚说。与“即使”不同的是,“就是”表让步时只能出现于表假设的前置分句。“就是”表转折关系时,属于轻转,可以表示事物的性质或特征的对比,也可以用于表示对程度或作用的补充,或者表示因果逆转。 “就是”用法的多样性导致母语非汉语学习者学习该词时经常出现偏误,通过对HSK动态作文语料库的调查,学习者使用“就是”时的偏误主要有误代、遗漏和误加三种类型。这些偏误的形成与“就是”本身用法和意义的复杂性有关,也与现代汉语中与“就是”用法相似的其他词语的干扰有关。《发展汉语》《汉语新天地》等对外汉语教材都对“就是”的基本功能和主要用法进行了介绍,并设置了相关的专项练习,以强化学生对该语法知识点的学习。结合“就是”偏误的情况及教材的安排,在连词“就是”的教学方面应采取相关的教学策略,应该注重该词基本功能的教学,注重“就是”与相关词语用法异同的对比,注重这一知识点教学的连续性。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, "just" and "constitutes" can be a low degree of solidification of the predicate phrase, acting as the predicate or predicate center; It can also be an adverb that modifies the scope, emphasis, or tone of expression, and can also be used as a conjunct to play an associative role. The conjunct "is" may appear in the preceding sentence of its connection, indicating the concessional relation, or in the latter sub-sentence, indicating the relation of concession, turning point, explanation, etc. In the aspect of pragmatics, the conjunction "is" has the functions of cohesion, marking and evaluation. It can connect the aspect words, predicate words or clauses, and mark the different logical semantic relations between the elements before and after they are connected. At the same time, it can express the subjective evaluation, emotion and attitude of the speaker to the expressed meaning. Although scholars have different views on the basic meaning of conjunctions, it is generally accepted that they should choose, compromise and turn. As a choice relation conjunction, the usage of "that is" and "either" or "is different. It can not be used solely to indicate the selection relationship, but must be combined with" not "to constitute" not ". That's it. " The selection of a table in a format. When showing concessions, "yes" and "often" constitute "also" is. " Format, followed by components can be purely hypothetical, or can be a matter of truth. Unlike the "even", the "yes" table can only appear in the preceding clause of the table's hypothesis when concessions are made. It is a light turn, which can be used to indicate the contrast of the nature or characteristics of things, to indicate the complement of degree or effect, or to indicate the reversal of cause and effect. The diversity of usage leads to errors in the learning of the word by non-native Chinese learners. Through the investigation of the HSK dynamic composition corpus, the errors in the use of "you" by learners are mainly three types: error-generation, omission and mis-addition. The formation of these errors is related to the complexity of the use and meaning of "that is". It is also related to the interference of other words similar to the usage of "that" in modern Chinese. The basic functions and main usage of "you" are introduced in the teaching materials such as "developing Chinese" and "Xintiandi" of Chinese as a foreign language. And set up relevant special exercises to strengthen the students to learn the grammar knowledge. Combining the situation of "is" bias and the arrangement of teaching materials, we should adopt relevant teaching strategies in the teaching of conjunctions "that is", pay attention to the teaching of the basic functions of the word, and pay attention to the comparison between "that is" and the similarities and differences between the usage of the words and the relevant words. Pay attention to the continuity of this knowledge point teaching.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195

【参考文献】