汉蒙“比较句”的异同与对蒙古国学生“‘比’字句”教学方法探究

发布时间：2018-11-19 18:32

【摘要】：对人或事物进行比较,是语言表达中的常见现象。在不同的语言中,“比较”这个概念具有共性,因此“比较”是各种语言的语法中必不可少的内容之一。然而,由于语言类型的不同,对于“比较”的表达方式和语法手段会存在较大的差异。作为比较句中的明显的一种,汉语中的“比”字句尤其需要留意。对于学习汉语的外国学生来说,学习和掌握汉语的“比”字句是非常重要的。蒙古国学生在学习汉语的过程中,更是认识到“比”字句的意义:“比”字句既是学习的重点,同时也是学习的难点。因此,本文就汉语中“比”字句为例,与蒙古语的比较句式做了对比分析。为了使蒙古国学生学习汉语时能够更好地掌握汉语“比”字句,论文对两种语言的比较句式进行了比较研究。本文对汉语的“比”字句与蒙古语的比较句进行了多方面的对比和分析。首先,描述了两种语言“比较”的定义、“比较句”的类型,及其差异;第二,对汉语“比”字句与蒙古语“比较”句的肯定句式、否定句式、疑问句式等分别进行了对比分析;第三,本文还探讨和分析了蒙古国学生在汉语“比”字句学习中常出现偏误的典型实例,并对产生偏误的原因进行了分析;最后,在对比、分析和研究的基础上,笔者还结合亲身的学习体验和教学经历,提出了对蒙古国学生教授汉语“比”字句的方法和建议。
[Abstract]:It is a common phenomenon in language expression to compare people or things. In different languages, the concept of "comparison" has a common character, so "comparison" is one of the essential contents in the grammar of various languages. However, due to the different language types, there will be great differences in the expression and grammatical means of "comparison". As an obvious type of comparative sentence, the word "bi" in Chinese needs to be paid more attention to. It is very important for foreign students to learn and master Chinese. In the process of learning Chinese, Mongolian students realize the meaning of "Bi" sentence: "Bi" sentence is not only the focus of learning, but also the difficulty of learning. Therefore, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the comparative sentences in Chinese and Mongolian. In order to enable Mongolian students to master Chinese "Bi" sentences better, this paper makes a comparative study of the comparative sentence patterns between the two languages. This paper makes a comparison and analysis of the comparative sentences in Chinese and Mongolian. Firstly, it describes the definition of "comparison", the type of "comparative sentence", and the differences between the two languages. Secondly, the author makes a comparative analysis of the positive, negative and interrogative sentences between the Chinese "Bi" sentence and the Mongolian "comparative" sentence. Thirdly, this paper also discusses and analyzes the typical examples of Mongolian students' errors in the study of Chinese "Bi" sentences, and analyzes the causes of the errors. Finally, on the basis of comparison, analysis and research, the author also puts forward some methods and suggestions for Mongolian students to teach Chinese "Bi" sentences in combination with their own learning experience and teaching experience.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H195

【参考文献】