对外汉字教学中部件教学与偏旁教学之比较

发布时间：2018-11-19 21:47

【摘要】：摘要：对外汉字教学在对外汉语教学界一直占据重要的位置,要想学好汉语以及进一步深入地了解中国文化就必须先学好汉字。然而,在留学生学习汉语的过程中,汉字学习却成为他们的一大瓶颈。所以,对外汉字教学界亟需一套行之有效、立竿见影的汉字教学法来解决这个重要问题。为此,本文研究了目前在对外汉字教学界比较流行的两种教学方式：部件教学和偏旁教学,系统地从汉字认知、汉字特点、适用范围三个角度对它们进行了比较。通过比较发现：这两种教学方式各有优势与劣势。其中的偏旁教学着眼于汉字内部的规律特点,符合长时记忆的规律和成人二语习得的认知特点,比较适用于汉字文化圈学生学习汉字；部件教学着重于汉字形体结构,比较适用于汉字的形体教学和中文信息处理,分析所得部件符合短时记忆容量,使学生能对汉字的形体有初步的感知,为汉字读音和意义的学习奠定了基础。如果从符合汉字教学规律特点和成人二语习得规律来说,偏旁教学明显优于部件教学。所以,在此基础上提出了自己的建议：今后的对外汉字教学应走自主创新之路,把偏旁教学和部件教学以及其它汉字教学法的优势相结合,并形成以偏旁教学为主的综合式汉字教学法。此外,还希望在今后的汉字教学中教师及专家们多关注适合留学生学习汉字特点规律的对外汉字教材的编写以及非汉字文化圈内的留学生的汉字教学。使留学生能够从本质上了解汉字,学好汉字,进而学好汉语。
[Abstract]:Abstract: the teaching of Chinese characters as a foreign language occupies an important position in the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. However, in the process of learning Chinese, Chinese character learning has become a major bottleneck. Therefore, the foreign Chinese character teaching field needs a set of effective and immediate Chinese character teaching method to solve this important problem. Therefore, this paper studies two kinds of teaching methods which are popular in the field of Chinese character teaching in foreign countries at present: component teaching and sidelined teaching, and compares them systematically from three angles of Chinese character cognition, Chinese character characteristics and applicable scope. Through comparison, it is found that the two teaching methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The partial teaching focuses on the internal characteristics of Chinese characters, accords with the law of long-term memory and the cognitive characteristics of adult second language acquisition, so it is more suitable for the students of Chinese character culture circle to learn Chinese characters. The teaching of components focuses on the shape and structure of Chinese characters, and is more suitable for the teaching of Chinese characters and the processing of Chinese information. The analysis of the components accords with the capacity of short-term memory, so that students can have a preliminary perception of the shape of Chinese characters. It lays a foundation for the study of pronunciation and meaning of Chinese characters. According to the characteristics of Chinese character teaching and adult second language acquisition, partial teaching is superior to component teaching. Therefore, on this basis, the author puts forward his own suggestions: in the future, the teaching of Chinese characters in foreign countries should take the road of independent innovation, combining the advantages of sidelined teaching with the teaching of components and other teaching methods of Chinese characters. And form a comprehensive teaching method of Chinese characters. In addition, it is hoped that in the future Chinese character teaching, teachers and experts will pay more attention to the compilation of foreign Chinese character textbooks suitable for foreign students to learn the characteristics of Chinese characters and the teaching of Chinese characters for foreign students in non-Chinese cultural circles. So that students can understand Chinese characters from the essence, learn Chinese characters, and then learn Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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