中美国家首脑演讲辞的概念隐喻比较研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 08:02

【摘要】：隐喻不仅是一种语言现象，更是人类的一种普遍的思维方式和认知手段。根据Lakoff和Johnson等认知语言学家的观点，隐喻不仅普遍存在于我们的语言之中，，而且存在于我们的日常生活之中，存在于我们赖以生存的思维和行为之中。我们赖以思考和行动的概念体系在本质上是隐喻的，因此，政治语言在本质上也是隐喻的。政治家通过使用概念隐喻思考和表达思想和观点。近几十年来，随着认知语言学的兴起，越来越多的学者开始从隐喻的角度研究政治语言。但是从隐喻的角度对比中美政治语言的研究却不多见。本文试图把概念隐喻理论运用于政治语篇的阐释之中。研究以Lakoff为代表的语言学家的认知隐喻理论为基础，以中美两国领导人近十年来的公开讲话为语料，采用定性、定量和比较分析法对中美两国首脑近十年来公开讲话材料中的概念隐喻进行比较研究，找出其相同点和不同点，并探讨其原因以及概念隐喻在政治语篇中的功能。研究结果表明：中美语料中共有的概念隐喻有：旅途隐喻、建筑隐喻、战争隐喻、家庭隐喻、有机体隐喻和书隐喻；圆圈隐喻是中国语料所特有的，而宗教隐喻是美国语料所特有的；虽然两国语料存在一些共同的概念隐喻，但具体内容却有很大不同。其概念隐喻表达的相同之处在于人类相似的体验和世界的认知，而不同之处在于社会、政治、文化方面的不同取向。此外，在对比研究概念隐喻时，作者发现隐喻在构建意识形态方面具有强大的作用，在中美两位领导人的讲话中我们可以发现他们都喜欢运用大量隐喻来表达自己的政治观点和立场，都喜欢运用人们所熟知的概念映射到抽象的陌生的政治概念，以达到说服、感染和激励民众的目的。
[Abstract]:Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a universal way of thinking and cognition. According to cognitive linguists such as Lakoff and Johnson metaphor exists not only in our language but also in our daily life and in the thinking and behavior on which we live. The conceptual system on which we rely on thinking and action is metaphorical in nature, therefore, political language is metaphorical in essence. Politicians use conceptual metaphors to think and express ideas and opinions. In recent decades, with the rise of cognitive linguistics, more and more scholars begin to study political language from the perspective of metaphor. However, it is rare to compare Chinese and American political language from the perspective of metaphor. This paper attempts to apply conceptual metaphor theory to the interpretation of political discourse. Based on the cognitive metaphor theory of linguists represented by Lakoff and the public speeches made by the leaders of China and the United States in the past ten years, this paper adopts qualitative analysis. In this paper, the author makes a comparative study of conceptual metaphors in the public speech materials of Chinese and American heads of state in recent ten years by quantitative and comparative analysis, finds out their similarities and differences, and probes into the reasons and the functions of conceptual metaphors in political discourse. The results show that the common conceptual metaphors in the Chinese and American corpus are: travel metaphor, architectural metaphor, war metaphor, family metaphor, organic metaphor and book metaphor; Circle metaphor is unique to Chinese corpus, while religious metaphor is unique to American corpus. Although there are some common conceptual metaphors in the two countries, the concrete contents are quite different. The similarities of conceptual metaphors lie in the similar experiences of human beings and the cognition of the world, while the differences lie in the different orientations of society, politics and culture. In addition, in the contrastive study of conceptual metaphor, the author finds that metaphor plays a powerful role in the construction of ideology. In the speeches of the Chinese and American leaders, we can see that both of them like to use a large number of metaphors to express their political views and positions, and both like to use well-known concepts to map to abstract and unfamiliar political concepts in order to achieve persuasion. The purpose of infecting and motivating people.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315;H15

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