汉语“恐惧”类动词的历时演变研究

发布时间：2018-12-09 14:22

【摘要】：常用词研究是汉语词汇研究的一个重要部分,通过对常用词的考察,可以看出在同一个时期中这一类词的使用情况,同时也可以看出在不同时期词义的消亡、转移和保留的情况。本文主要研究的是汉语“恐惧”类动词的历时演变。从古到今,人们“恐惧”的这一心理活动没有发生改变,但是表示这一心理活动的词在不同的时期有着不同的变化,所以研究这一类词是很有意义的。本文选取了不同时期的文献语料,从中撷取13个“恐惧”类动词,分为了上古、中古和近代三个历史时期,对其进行共时描写,在此基础上对其历时的演变过程进行归纳、总结和分析,从而研究其演变的规律和原因。全文分为四部分：第一部分,引言。本部分阐述了本文的选题背景和研究意义,继而提出了本文的研究现状和“恐惧”类动词的选择,交代了研究方法,最后说明“恐惧”类动词的历史分期及语料选取等相关问题。第二部分,“恐惧”类动词的共时描写。本部分主要分上古时期(先秦---西汉)、中古时期(东汉---唐初)和近代(晚唐五代---清初)三个历史时期,选取每一个历史时期的代表文献,对这些文献中“恐惧”类的单音词进行调查和统计,然后对每个动词作出描述,包括它的出处,每个“恐惧”类动词具体的区别于其它恐惧类动词的特征,以及这些词在三个历史时期具体的使用情况。第三部分,“恐惧”类动词的历时演变。在总结“恐惧”类动词在三个时期的不同特点的基础上,对“恐惧”类动词进行历时的比较研究。主要探讨的是“恐惧”类动词中旧词的消亡,新词的产生以及各成员的交替变化。在此基础上,归纳总结“恐惧”类动词的演变特点及演变原因。第四部分,总结。
[Abstract]:The study of common words is an important part of the study of Chinese vocabulary. Through the investigation of common words, we can see the use of this kind of words in the same period, and at the same time, we can also see the disappearance of word meaning in different periods. Transfers and reservations This paper focuses on the diachronic evolution of the Chinese verb "fear". From ancient to present, the psychological activity of people's "fear" has not changed, but the words that indicate this psychological activity have different changes in different periods, so it is very meaningful to study this kind of words. In this paper, 13 verbs of "fear" are drawn from the literature corpus of different periods, which are divided into three historical periods: ancient, middle and modern, and then their diachronic evolution is summarized. Summary and analysis, so as to study its evolution of the law and reasons. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part, introduction. This part describes the background and significance of this study, and then puts forward the status quo of this study and the choice of "fear" verbs, and explains the research methods. At last, this paper explains the historical stages and corpus selection of the verb "fear". The second part is the synchronic description of the verb "fear". This part is divided into three historical periods: the ancient period (pre-Qin and the Western Han Dynasty), the middle ancient period (the Eastern Han Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty) and the modern period (the late Tang Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty), and the representative documents of each historical period are selected. The monosyllabic words of "fear" in these documents were investigated and counted, and then each verb was described, including its source, and each "fear" verb was specifically distinguished from the characteristics of other fear verbs. And the specific use of these words in three historical periods. The third part, the diachronic evolution of the verb "fear". On the basis of summing up the different characteristics of "fear" verbs in three periods, a diachronic comparative study of "fear" verbs is carried out. This paper mainly discusses the death of old words in "fear" verbs, the emergence of new words and the alternation of each member. On this basis, the characteristics and causes of the evolution of the verb "fear" are summarized. The fourth part, summary.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H14

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