英语背景的学习者汉语语序偏误研究
发布时间：2018-12-23 10:40
【摘要】：汉语语序在现代汉语语法里占有极其重要的位置，汉语是一种孤立语，缺少词形变化，主要依靠语序和虚词来表达语法关系和语法意义；英语是屈折语，词形变化丰富，主要依靠词形变化来表达词与词之间的关系。因此与英语相比，汉语的语序更为重要。 笔者对北京语言大学HSK动态作文语料库考察发现，，在所有错误统计中，外国留学生语序偏误的频次和频率均为最高，因此笔者针对英语背景学习者的汉语语序偏误问题进行着重研究。 首先，笔者对语料库的全部语序偏误语料进行了筛选，选取了澳大利亚、美国、英国、加拿大、新西兰这五个国家留学生的语序偏误语料，然后对它们进行细致地分类，将这些语序偏误语料分为五大类。它们是状语、定语、补语、宾语和主谓语序偏误。然后又将状语语序偏误进行了再次分类，分为副词、介词、能愿动词、名词作状语时的偏误情况。将定语的语序偏误分为体词和谓词作定语两种情况。最后根据这些语料，依据英汉专业知识，将两者进行对比分析和偏误分析。 根据以上偏误分析，初步解释了偏误产生的原因，并将其归为四点：第一，母语负迁移；第二，目的语知识负迁移；第三，教师教学的影响；第四，教材编写的影响。并且，对对外汉语教学提出了三点建议，第一，对外汉语教学中的文化导入；第二，循序渐进的教学；第三，采用生动有趣的教法。
[Abstract]:Chinese word order plays an extremely important role in modern Chinese grammar. Chinese is an isolated language, which lacks the change of word form, and mainly relies on word order and function words to express grammatical relations and grammatical meanings. English is a kind of flexion and inflection, which mainly depends on the change of lexical form to express the relationship between words and words. Therefore, Chinese word order is more important than English. The author investigates the HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing language and language University and finds that the frequency and frequency of word order errors of foreign students are the highest in all error statistics. Therefore, the author focuses on the Chinese word order bias of English background learners. First of all, the author screened all the corpus's word order bias data, and selected the word order bias data from Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and New Zealand, and then classified them carefully. These word order errors are classified into five categories. They are adverbial, attributive, complement, object and subject-predicate word order bias. Then the adverbial word order errors are classified into adverbs, prepositions, willing verbs and nouns as adverbial errors. The error of word order of attribute is divided into two cases: aspect and predicate as attributive. Finally, according to these data, according to English and Chinese professional knowledge, the two are analyzed contrastively and error-analysis. According to the above error analysis, this paper preliminarily explains the causes of the errors and classifies them into four points: first, negative transfer of mother tongue; second, negative transfer of target language knowledge; third, the influence of teachers' teaching; and fourth, the influence of textbook compilation. In addition, the author puts forward three suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language: first, the introduction of culture in teaching Chinese as a foreign language; secondly, step by step teaching; third, the use of lively and interesting teaching methods.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2389870
[Abstract]:Chinese word order plays an extremely important role in modern Chinese grammar. Chinese is an isolated language, which lacks the change of word form, and mainly relies on word order and function words to express grammatical relations and grammatical meanings. English is a kind of flexion and inflection, which mainly depends on the change of lexical form to express the relationship between words and words. Therefore, Chinese word order is more important than English. The author investigates the HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing language and language University and finds that the frequency and frequency of word order errors of foreign students are the highest in all error statistics. Therefore, the author focuses on the Chinese word order bias of English background learners. First of all, the author screened all the corpus's word order bias data, and selected the word order bias data from Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and New Zealand, and then classified them carefully. These word order errors are classified into five categories. They are adverbial, attributive, complement, object and subject-predicate word order bias. Then the adverbial word order errors are classified into adverbs, prepositions, willing verbs and nouns as adverbial errors. The error of word order of attribute is divided into two cases: aspect and predicate as attributive. Finally, according to these data, according to English and Chinese professional knowledge, the two are analyzed contrastively and error-analysis. According to the above error analysis, this paper preliminarily explains the causes of the errors and classifies them into four points: first, negative transfer of mother tongue; second, negative transfer of target language knowledge; third, the influence of teachers' teaching; and fourth, the influence of textbook compilation. In addition, the author puts forward three suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language: first, the introduction of culture in teaching Chinese as a foreign language; secondly, step by step teaching; third, the use of lively and interesting teaching methods.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H195
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