留学生对汉语羡余否定结构的理解与使用情况的调查分析

发布时间：2019-02-08 17:23

【摘要】：语言中的羡余现象反映了语言表达形式与表达意义之间的不一致性。所谓羡余否定，就是指那些虽然在形式上含有“不、没、别”等否定成分，但实际上并不表示否定的语言现象。留学生学汉语，会接触到羡余否定现象，他们对于这一现象的掌握程度如何，如何理解，在生活中会不会使用，使用过程中会出现哪些问题等，都有待考察。本文通过问卷调查的形式，，考察留学生对汉语羡余否定格式的理解与使用情况，并尝试提出教学建议，目的是引起教学界对相关问题的关注。引言，引入羡余否定概念，交代本文研究对象、内容及方法。第一章，回顾羡余否定概念的提出，及自此概念提出以来学者们对羡余否定现象的探究历程，笔者发现现有的研究成果都是基于汉语羡余否定现象的本体研究，对于留学生如何理解羡余否定现象，对外汉语教学中如何强化这一特殊现象及教学建议等方面的研究，还存在些许空白，值得探讨。本文通过对当下流行的对外汉语教材的考察，将研究对象锁定为对外汉语教学中出现频率较高的羡余否定现象进行问卷调查，包括“差点儿（没）VP”、“好（不）容易”、“（不）一会儿”、“（没）……之前”、“难免（不）”、“小心（别）”等，探索其在对外汉语教学方面存在的问题及教学建议。第二章，确定调查方法及对象，并阐释问卷的设计依据及形式。对问卷调查的结果进行统计，观察总结留学生理解汉语羡余否定现象时出现的偏误，为分析此类偏误打好基础。第三章，根据调查结果，归纳留学生对羡余否定现象的理解及使用的偏误类型，并结合现有对羡余否定现象的本体研究，分别对“差点儿（没）VP”、“好（不）容易”、“（不）一会儿”、“（没）……之前”、“难免（不）”、“小心（别）”等进行分析，试图找出造成留学生理解及使用此现象时产生偏误的原因。第四章，试图针对留学生理解及使用羡余否定现象出现的问题提出部分教学建议。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of envy in language reflects the inconsistency between the form of expression and the meaning of expression. The so-called envy surplus negation refers to those language phenomena which contain negative elements, such as "no, no" in form, but in fact do not mean negation. Students studying Chinese will come into contact with the phenomenon of envy and negation, and their degree of mastery of this phenomenon, how to understand it, whether it will be used in life, and what problems will arise in the process of using it, etc., will remain to be examined. Through the form of questionnaire, this paper investigates the understanding and use of Chinese envious negative format by foreign students, and tries to put forward some teaching suggestions in order to arouse the attention of the teaching circles to the related problems. Introduction, the introduction of the concept of surplus negation, explain the object of this study, content and methods. In the first chapter, the author reviews the concept of envious surplus negation, and the history of scholars' inquiry into the phenomenon of envious surplus negation since the concept was put forward. The author finds that the existing research results are all based on the ontological study of Chinese envy surplus negation. There are still some gaps in the research on how to understand the phenomenon of envy and negation and how to strengthen this special phenomenon and teaching suggestions in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Based on the investigation of popular textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language, this paper focuses on the phenomenon of envious negation in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, including "almost (no) VP", "good (not) easy". "(no) for a while," (no). "before", "inevitable (not)", "be careful" and so on, explore its problems and teaching suggestions in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. In the second chapter, the investigation methods and objects are determined, and the design basis and form of the questionnaire are explained. This paper makes statistics on the results of the questionnaire, and summarizes the errors that occur when the foreign students understand the phenomenon of envious negation in Chinese, which lays a good foundation for the analysis of such errors. Chapter three, according to the results of the investigation, sums up the foreign students' understanding of the phenomenon of envious negation and the types of errors used, and combines with the existing ontological research on the phenomenon of "envy surplus negation", "almost (no) VP", "good (not) easy", "(no) for a while," (no). "before", "inevitable (not)", "careful (don't)" and so on to carry on the analysis, tries to find out causes which causes the foreign student to understand and use this phenomenon to produce the bias. In the fourth chapter, the author tries to put forward some teaching suggestions on the problem of foreign students' understanding and using envious negation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H195.3

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