《史记》体词性成分陈述化现象研究
发布时间：2019-02-08 19:45
【摘要】：指称和陈述是所有语言里都存在的语义表述功能,指称和陈述之间的相互转化也是人类语言的普遍现象。在形态语言里,陈述转化为指称,即“指称化”,一般会有形式上的标记,但是指称转化为陈述,即“陈述化”,则一般是直接用为动词而少有形式上的标记。在古汉语中,指称向陈述的转化更为隐蔽,不仅包括直接用为动词的名词,还要根据句法位置来进行判断。 论文以《史记》(下)为基本研究语料,在对各句法位置的表述功能进行研究的基础上,考察了《史记》叙述句谓语、判断句谓语、状语、补语等位置上体词性成分的语义特点和发生陈述化的程度。本文通过分析、筛选这几个句法位置上的体词性成分,在穷尽性调查、统计语料的基础上,对《史记》(下)中的发生陈述化的体词性成分进行研究,并对陈述化理论作出深入思考。全文论述内容如下： 本文基于前人研究的基础上,先讨论了与指称和陈述相关的理论问题及“陈述化”的界定；体词性成分发生陈述化的句法位置的确定；发生陈述化的体词性成分相关的语义特征等。然后全面考察分析了这四个句法位置上发生陈述化的体词性成分：判断句谓语、叙述句谓语、状语和补语。判断句谓语和叙述句谓语位置上的体词性成分,我们主要分析其表达陈述时所凸显的语义内涵中的陈述性侧面。状语和补语位置上的体词性成分,我们主要考察它们的所陈述对象以及它们和所陈述对象之间的陈述关系,以确定它们发生陈述化的不同程度。最后,我们通过对状语和补语位置体词性成分与动词构成的语义关系的分析,认为状语比补语位置上的体词性成分发生陈述化的程度更高。 本文着眼于汉语固有特点,在前人研究的基础上,全面考察了《史记》(下)中的“陈述化”现象,并初步建立了一个与表达陈述的句法位置相对应的语义系统。
[Abstract]:Reference and statement are semantic expression functions existing in all languages. The mutual transformation between reference and statement is also a common phenomenon in human language. In morphological language, a statement is transformed into a reference, that is, "referential", which generally has formal marks, but the reference is transformed into a statement, that is, "declarative", which is usually directly used as a verb without a formal mark. In ancient Chinese, the transformation from reference to statement is more subtle, including not only nouns that are directly used as verbs, but also syntactic positions. On the basis of the study of the functions of the syntactic positions, this paper studies the predicates, predicates and adverbials of the narrative sentences in the Book of History. The semantic characteristics and the degree of representation of the part of speech in the position of complement. Based on the exhaustive investigation and statistical data, this paper studies the declarative part of speech components in the Book of History (part II) by analyzing and selecting the parts of speech in these syntactic positions, and on the basis of exhaustive investigation and statistical data, this paper makes a study of the body parts of speech that occur in the Records of the historian (part of the book). And make a deep thought to the declarative theory. The main contents of the thesis are as follows: based on the previous studies, this paper first discusses the theoretical problems related to reference and statement and the definition of "declarative"; The semantic features related to the declarative aspect and part of speech components, etc. Then, the thesis analyzes the four aspects of declarative parts of speech in these syntactic positions: predicate of judgment sentence, predicate of narrative sentence, adverbial and complement. We mainly analyze the declarative aspects of the semantic connotation of the predicates in the predicates and the predicates in the narrative sentences. The adverbial and complement positions are part of speech. We mainly investigate their stated objects and the relationship between them and their declarative objects in order to determine the different degrees of their representation. Finally, by analyzing the semantic relationship between adverbial and complement position parts of speech and verbs, we conclude that adverbials are more declarative than complement positions. This paper focuses on the inherent characteristics of Chinese, and on the basis of previous studies, makes a comprehensive study of the "declarative" phenomenon in Records of the historian (part II), and establishes a semantic system corresponding to the syntactic position of expressing statements.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141
[Abstract]:Reference and statement are semantic expression functions existing in all languages. The mutual transformation between reference and statement is also a common phenomenon in human language. In morphological language, a statement is transformed into a reference, that is, "referential", which generally has formal marks, but the reference is transformed into a statement, that is, "declarative", which is usually directly used as a verb without a formal mark. In ancient Chinese, the transformation from reference to statement is more subtle, including not only nouns that are directly used as verbs, but also syntactic positions. On the basis of the study of the functions of the syntactic positions, this paper studies the predicates, predicates and adverbials of the narrative sentences in the Book of History. The semantic characteristics and the degree of representation of the part of speech in the position of complement. Based on the exhaustive investigation and statistical data, this paper studies the declarative part of speech components in the Book of History (part II) by analyzing and selecting the parts of speech in these syntactic positions, and on the basis of exhaustive investigation and statistical data, this paper makes a study of the body parts of speech that occur in the Records of the historian (part of the book). And make a deep thought to the declarative theory. The main contents of the thesis are as follows: based on the previous studies, this paper first discusses the theoretical problems related to reference and statement and the definition of "declarative"; The semantic features related to the declarative aspect and part of speech components, etc. Then, the thesis analyzes the four aspects of declarative parts of speech in these syntactic positions: predicate of judgment sentence, predicate of narrative sentence, adverbial and complement. We mainly analyze the declarative aspects of the semantic connotation of the predicates in the predicates and the predicates in the narrative sentences. The adverbial and complement positions are part of speech. We mainly investigate their stated objects and the relationship between them and their declarative objects in order to determine the different degrees of their representation. Finally, by analyzing the semantic relationship between adverbial and complement position parts of speech and verbs, we conclude that adverbials are more declarative than complement positions. This paper focuses on the inherent characteristics of Chinese, and on the basis of previous studies, makes a comprehensive study of the "declarative" phenomenon in Records of the historian (part II), and establishes a semantic system corresponding to the syntactic position of expressing statements.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H141
【参考文献】
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1 朱德熙 ,v缂孜，
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