中文幽默祝福类短信中的语用预设研究

发布时间：2019-03-14 20:56

【摘要】：预设，即“前提”或“先设”，它一直是哲学家和语言学家关注的一个重要课题。预设可分为语义预设和语用预设，语义预设研究的是两个语义命题之间的真值关系，而语用预设是那些和语境相关的与说话人信念，态度意图有关的前提关系。语用预设通常被认为是交际双方所共有的知识，因此，预设最重要的特点就共知性，然而当言语内容与背景知识或常识相悖时，原有的前提就会自动消失，这就是预设的可撤销性。除此之外，语用预设还有隐蔽性和主观性等特点。这些独特的特点使得短信语言更生动，更有趣，也更吸引人。本文拟从语用预设这一角度出发，通过定性和定量的方式分析中文幽默祝福类短信的预设特点，以及所产生的交际效果。根据预设特征以及以往的研究，本文将中文幽默祝福类短信语用预设分为：1.存在预设；2.状态预设；3.文化预设；4.虚假预设；5.隐喻和明喻预设；6.双关预设，并统计它们在所收集短信中的频率。本研究发现存在预设的频率最高，其次是文化预设，隐喻和明喻预设以及虚假预设比例占第三且数量相当，紧接着是状态预设，双关预设运用最少。语用预设是短信交流中有效的策略之一，本文还发现在传递祝福中起着积极的作用，它具有经济功能，幽默功能，创新功能，信息功能和情感功能。最后，希望通过本文的研究，能够从不同的角度来理解短信文化现象，，也能为自编自创更好的幽默祝福类短信提供一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:Presupposition, presupposition or presupposition, has always been an important topic concerned by philosophers and linguists. Presupposition can be divided into semantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition. Semantic presupposition studies the truth-value relationship between two semantic propositions while pragmatic presupposition is the presupposition related to the speaker's belief and attitude intention. Pragmatic presupposition is usually considered to be the knowledge shared by both sides of the communication. Therefore, the most important feature of presupposition is comprehensiveness. However, when the speech content is contrary to the background knowledge or common sense, the original premise will disappear automatically. This is the preset cancellability. In addition, pragmatic presupposition has the characteristics of concealment and subjectivity. These unique features make SMS language more vivid, more interesting, and more attractive. From the perspective of pragmatic presupposition, this paper attempts to analyze the presupposition characteristics and communicative effects of Chinese humorous blessing text messages in a qualitative and quantitative manner. According to the presupposition characteristics and previous studies, this paper divides the Chinese humorous blessing short message pragmatic presupposition into: 1. There are presuppositions; 2. State presupposition; 3. Cultural presupposition; 4. False presupposition; 5. Metaphors and metaphorical presuppositions; 6. Pun presets and count their frequency in collected text messages. It is found that the frequency of presupposition is the highest, followed by cultural presupposition, metaphor and metaphorical presupposition and false presupposition, followed by state presupposition and pun presupposition. Pragmatic presupposition is one of the effective strategies in short message communication. This paper also finds that pragmatic presupposition plays an active role in the transmission of blessing, which has economic function, humorous function, innovative function, information function and emotional function. Finally, through the research of this paper, we hope that we can understand the phenomenon of short message culture from different angles, and provide some reference for self-compiling and self-creating better humorous blessing text message.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136

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