钱钟书与莫言小说比喻主观性分析

发布时间：2019-06-05 02:21

【摘要】：一般认为辞格是指对本民族语言的语音、语义以及话语结构进行特殊组合从而产生具有独特效果的言语表达方式。比喻作为一种常见的修辞格,有着顽强的生命力和古老的历史。人们的日常生活处处存在比喻,浩如烟海的文学文本中比喻的使用也是俯拾即是。作为首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国籍作家——莫言先生,他的小说中比喻运用的数量之多令人望尘莫及,看似信手拈来却又不拘一格、不落俗套;相较而言,虽然钱钟书先生的小说作品数量不多,但是比喻的使用同样是比比皆是、不落窠臼,往往能给读者带来耳目一新的美妙感觉。同样是当代文坛上闪烁的文学大家,同样是小说作品中比喻运用丰富多彩的学者,但是相较两人的小说作品中比喻的使用便会发现,其中存在相似性的同时也有具有明显的差异性,究其缘由,是因为比喻具有主观性。著名语言学家Lyons指出,主观性指的是自然语言在它们的结构和运作的正常方式中提供了说话人的言语行为的表达和他自己的态度以及信念等。钱钟书先生与莫言先生在小说创作中比喻的使用同样也表达他们各自的想法、态度、经验以及信念等。本篇论文共分为四个部分:第一部分为绪论,主要是对本篇论文的研究缘起、研究方法、以及国内外相关研究的概括与总结;第二部分是对比喻修辞构成要素的梳理;第三部分通过对钱钟书先生和莫言先生比喻的搜集、整理,从喻体的主观选择上,喻体的表现形式,比喻的功能分类以及比喻的风格四个方面来阐释比喻的主观异同;第四部分在上述分析的基础上说明比喻主观性受到生活经历、地域差异、时代特征、文化心理等的影响。本篇论文以钱钟书先生与莫言先生的小说为文本载体,分析其作品中的比喻句型,研究两位作家在比喻运用中的主观性体现以及造成主观性差异的原因,希望能对比喻主观性的解读有一个深层次的认识。
[Abstract]:It is generally believed that figures of speech refer to the special combination of phonology, semantics and discourse structure of their own languages in order to produce a unique effect of speech expression. Metaphor, as a common figure of speech, has tenacious vitality and ancient history. There are metaphors everywhere in people's daily life, and the use of metaphors in vast literary texts is everywhere. As the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, Mr. Mo Yan, the number of metaphors used in his novels is beyond reach, it seems that it is easy to come by hand, but it is not cliche. In contrast, although the number of novels written by Mr. Qian Zhongshu is small, the use of metaphors is also everywhere, which often brings fresh and wonderful feelings to readers. It is also a twinkling literature in the contemporary literary world, and it is also a rich and colorful scholar in the use of metaphors in novel works, but compared with the use of metaphors in the novels of two people, it will be found that There are similarities and obvious differences, and the reason is that metaphors are subjective. Lyons, a famous linguist, points out that subjectivity refers to the fact that natural languages provide the speaker's speech act expression, his own attitude and belief in the normal way of their structure and operation. The use of metaphors in novel creation by Mr. Qian Zhongshu and Mr. Mo Yan also expresses their respective ideas, attitudes, experiences and beliefs. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly on the origin of this paper, research methods, as well as the summary and summary of related research at home and abroad; the second part is the combing of the elements of figurative rhetoric; The third part explains the subjective similarities and differences of the metaphor from four aspects: the subjective choice of the metaphor, the manifestation of the metaphor, the functional classification of the metaphor and the style of the metaphor through the collection and collation of the metaphor of Mr. Qian Zhongshu and Mr. Mo Yan. On the basis of the above analysis, the fourth part shows that the subjectivity of metaphor is influenced by life experience, regional differences, characteristics of the times, cultural psychology and so on. This paper takes the novels of Mr. Qian Zhongshu and Mr. Mo Yan as the text carrier, analyzes the metaphorical sentence patterns in their works, and studies the subjective embodiment of the two writers in the use of metaphors and the reasons for the differences in subjectivity. I hope to have a deep understanding of the subjectivity of metaphor.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：H15

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