跨文化交际中英汉敬语的礼貌原则及文化内涵对比研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 01:00

【摘要】：长久以来都存在着一个误解,那就是只有诸如中国和日本等东方国家的语言里才有敬语,对于讲英语的西方国家,其语言中不存在敬语。事实上作为表达礼貌与尊敬的一种方式,敬语毫无疑问也存在于所有语言之中。像其他语言形式一样,它表达个人的情感,反映社会地位,并不断地协调着人际关系。对于敬语的研究,之前多集中于汉语,尤其是古汉语敬语语言形式及运用。中外学者们并没有对英语敬语的重要性给予相应的重视,让人们误解了西方人懂得礼貌的文化传统。加之相关对比研究的缺乏,人们在跨文化交际的过程中找不到相应的指导,这在一定程度上对交际形成了障碍。鉴于上述存在的问题,本论文旨在通过现代英汉敬语的对比研究,洞察敬语在英汉两种语言中的异同,以消除误解,并提高人们在相关方面跨文化交际的意识。全文共分为五章。首先,本文综述了国内外的相关研究成果,主要分析语言、文化,跨文化交际与礼貌原则,为英汉敬语的对比研究提供了理论基础。第二章介绍了英汉敬语的形式并揭示了他们的共性和差异。论文首先讨论了敬语的定义及其起源,然后根据表达方式、性质及功能对其进行分类,随后分析英汉敬语各自的语言特征,最后介绍了敬语在日常交际中所起的作用。第三章通过英汉敬语的案例分析,揭示英、汉礼貌原则在各自语言形式中的具体表现,探究在不同文化背景下英汉敬语及礼貌原则的异同。第四章深入挖掘敬语语言形式背后的文化内涵,从国家和社会意识形态的角度分析造成不同敬语的表现形式及运用的成因。第五章对敬语的运用,尤其是在跨文化交际中的使用,提出了指导性的建议。通过上述对比研究,作者得出结论：西方文化同中国文化一样重视礼貌,英语中存在着大量的敬语,表现在词汇、句型和语法等各个语言层面上；由于中西方文化的差异,中英敬语在表现形式及文化内涵上都存在着显著的差异；因此,我们应该运用相应的策略避免由中英敬语文化差异而形成的误解和障碍,提高跨文化交际意识。
[Abstract]:There has long been a misunderstanding that honorific language exists only in languages of oriental countries such as China and Japan, and that there is no honorific language in English-speaking Western countries. In fact, as a way of expressing politeness and respect, honorific language undoubtedly exists in all languages. Like other forms of language, it expresses personal feelings, reflects social status, and constantly coordinates interpersonal relationships. The study of honorific language has focused on the form and application of honorific language in Chinese, especially in ancient Chinese. Chinese and foreign scholars have not paid attention to the importance of English honorific language, which makes people misunderstand the cultural tradition that Westerners know politeness. In addition, there is a lack of relevant contrastive research, people can not find the corresponding guidance in the process of cross-cultural communication, which forms an obstacle to communication to a certain extent. In view of the above problems, the purpose of this paper is to explore the similarities and differences between English and Chinese honorific languages through the contrastive study of modern English and Chinese honorific languages, in order to eliminate misunderstandings and improve people's awareness of intercultural communication in related aspects. The full text is divided into five chapters. First of all, this paper summarizes the relevant research results at home and abroad, mainly analyzes the principles of language, culture, intercultural communication and politeness, which provides a theoretical basis for the contrastive study of honorific language between English and Chinese. The second chapter introduces the forms of honorific words in English and Chinese and reveals their commonalities and differences. This paper first discusses the definition and origin of honorific, then classifies it according to its expression, nature and function, then analyzes the linguistic features of English and Chinese honorific, and finally introduces the role of honorific in daily communication. The third chapter reveals the concrete expression of English and Chinese politeness principles in their respective language forms through the case study of English and Chinese honorific expressions, and explores the similarities and differences between English and Chinese honorific principles and politeness principles in different cultural backgrounds. The fourth chapter deeply excavates the cultural connotation behind the honorific language form, and analyzes the different forms of expression and the causes of its application from the perspective of national and social ideology. The fifth chapter puts forward some instructive suggestions on the use of honorific language, especially in cross-cultural communication. Through the above contrastive study, the author draws the conclusion that western culture attaches as much importance to politeness as Chinese culture, and there are a large number of honorific words in English, which are manifested in vocabulary, sentence type and grammar, and there are significant differences in the form and cultural connotation of honorific language between China and the West due to the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. Therefore, we should use the corresponding strategies to avoid the misunderstandings and obstacles caused by the cultural differences between Chinese and English honorific languages, and to improve the awareness of cross-cultural communication.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H136;H313

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