从介词悬空到否定副词——兼论“无以”与“难以”的共现与趋同

发布时间：2018-01-28 06:19

本文关键词： 无以难以否定构式化习语化词汇化趋同倾向　出处：《语言教学与研究》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："无以"和"难以"都有两个义项,一般只能充当状语,修饰VP后能充当定语、补语、宾语。两者经常用在双重否定格式后项。"无以"在副词化之前已形成一些双重否定构式与四字格成语,"难以"的承接式及四字格习语要到现代才逐渐定型。"无以"和"难以"从跨层短语到否定副词,功能上逐渐唯状化,语义上则继承或发展了凭借方式的否定义,随着二者频繁共现、配合,否定功能已呈现出同质化趋势。
[Abstract]:"No" and "difficult" have two meanings, generally can only serve as adverbial, modified VP can serve as attributive, complement. Object. Both of them are often used after the double negative form. Before the adverb, some double negative constructions and four-character idioms have been formed. The acceptance of "difficult" and four-character idioms have to be finalized gradually until the modern times. The functions of "no" and "difficult" from cross-layer phrases to negative adverbs gradually become phenomenal. Semantically, it inherits or develops the negative meaning of the way. With the frequent co-occurrence and cooperation of the two, the negative function has shown a trend of homogeneity.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学语言研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“程度副词的生成演化及其当代功能扩展的新趋势研究” 教育部规划基金项目“介词演化的规律、机制及其句法后果研究”(13YJA740079) 上海市哲学社会科学规划课题“当代汉语流行构式研究”(2012BYY002)的专题性成果之一上海高校一流学科(B类)建设计划规划项目的资助
【分类号】：H146
【正文快照】： 前言迄今为止,常用的虚词词典,包括《现代汉语虚词例释》(1986)、《现代汉语常用虚词词典》(1992)、《现代汉语八百词》增订本(1999),以及侯学超(1998)、张斌(2001)、朱景松(2007)分别主编的《现代汉语虚词词典》,都没有为“无以”列目。通行的语文词典,像《现代汉语学习词典

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