先秦形容词性反义并列词语成词规律考

发布时间：2018-01-29 15:13

本文关键词： 汉语史先秦时期形容词反义并列词语成词　出处：《西南交通大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：根据成词标准,先秦时期成词的形容词性反义并列词语有四个:长短、大小、高下、轻重。对先秦20部口语性强、具有典型性、能够代表当时语言面貌的文献中这四个词语的出现情况加以考证,可以发现,这四个反义并列词语都是成词之后表示度量之义的反义并列词语。其能够成词,原因有二:一是在上下文中出现的位置上与"度""量"等词或表示程度、数量的词语搭配时,容易成词;二是未成词的意义消失了其作为形容词所表现出来的特征,而只保留所形容的事物,变成表示度量之义时,容易成词。而限制成词的因素也有两个:上下文中出现x和y单用的情况;与其他反义并列词语对举出现。
[Abstract]:According to the standard of word formation, there are four adjective antonyms in pre-Qin period: length, size, height and weight. The appearance of these four words in the literature which can represent the language appearance at that time can be verified by textual research. It can be found that these four antonyms are all antonyms that express the meaning of measurement after the words are completed and they can be used as words. There are two reasons: first, in the context of the position with "degree" "quantity" and other words or the degree of expression, the number of words collocation, easy to become a word; Second, the meaning of uncompleted words has disappeared its characteristics as an adjective, but only retain the things described, and become the meaning of measurement. There are also two factors limiting the formation of words: the case of x and y being used alone in the context; And other antonyms juxtaposed word pairs appear.
【作者单位】：北京语言大学人文社会科学学部;
【分类号】：H141
【正文快照】： 一、引言反义并列词语指意义相反或相对的两个成分并列组合在一起的词或短语。之所以会用“词语”,是因为要探讨由短语到成词的过程,用“词语”可以概括这个过程的两端:短语和词。反义并列词语用xy表示,形容词性反义并列词语的x和y均为形容词。划定形容词的依据是x和y的本义或

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