疑问代词“谁”的虚指和否定意义的形成机制

发布时间：2018-03-08 09:35

本文选题：疑问代词“谁”　切入点：询问意义　出处：《语言科学》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文章主要讨论疑问代词“谁”的虚指意义和否定意义的形成机制。文章尝试证明虚指用法的“谁”字句通过不确定性陈述语气,来消除疑问代词“谁”的询问意义,但是保留了它的预设意义“存在着某些个人”,从而使虚指用法的“谁”表示“不能确定一定存在的某些个人”。而否定用法的“谁”字句通过质疑和反驳等反问语气,在“疑有信无”原则的指导下,不仅消除了疑问代词“谁”的询问意义,而且消除了它的预设意义“存在着某些个人”,从而使否定用法的“谁”表示“确定不存在的某些个人”。最后,文章还分析了“谁让我小呢?”之类特殊句式的意义,说明它跟一般的“谁”类反问句在语义解释上具有一致性。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the formation mechanism of the fictitious meaning and the negative meaning of the interrogative pronoun "who". The article tries to prove that the "who" sentence in the use of fictitious reference can eliminate the interrogative meaning of the interrogative pronoun "who" through the uncertain statement mood. But it retains its presupposition meaning that "there are certain individuals", so that the "who" of the fictitious use means "certain individuals can not be determined". Under the guidance of the principle of "no doubt, faith and no", the interrogative meaning of the interrogative pronoun "who" has been eliminated. And it eliminates its presupposition that "there are individuals", so that the negative "who" means "certain individuals who don't exist". Finally, the article analyzes "who let me be small?" The meaning of the special sentence structure such as "who" shows that it is consistent with the general "who" type of rhetorical sentence in semantic interpretation.
【作者单位】：北京大学中文系;北京大学中国语言学研究中心;北京大学计算语言学教育部重点实验室;江苏高校语言能力协同创新中心;
【分类号】：H146

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