《玛纳斯》演唱者的用词特点

发布时间：2018-03-23 12:21

本文选题：玛纳斯奇　切入点：语音　出处：《新疆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《玛纳斯》是一部具有深刻人民性和思想性的典型英雄史诗,是一部民间综合性的口头艺术。口头史诗虽然以有声语言作为自己的叙述方式,但它所运用的语言并不是日常生活用语,它所运用的语言是经过一代代的歌手提炼加工而创造出来的诗歌专用语言。也就是说,口头史诗的语言是一种特殊的诗歌语言。《玛纳斯奇》-词义是演唱史诗“玛纳斯”的人,具体来说,玛纳斯奇是史诗“玛纳斯”创作者,演唱者,传播者,保存者和发展者。这一概念在20世纪30年代开始成为术语形式来广泛使用民间群众。之前史诗“玛纳斯”演唱者是叫做“故事叙述者,讲述者和歌手”。演唱具有丰富的音乐性和节奏感。玛纳斯奇的演唱是语言艺术和音乐艺术的有机结合体。玛纳斯奇演唱《玛纳斯》主要以语言为主,其次包含音调、手势及动作等。关于“玛纳斯”和“玛纳斯奇”相关的研究成果无论是国内还是国外都有很多。很多学者们多次在田野调查中,通过采访民间艺人搜集了许多资料,也搜集了许多关于本题目相关的资料。但是如此富含内蕴的长篇史诗,应该用什么样的语言?什么样的文字?玛纳斯奇是如何找到如此丰富的语言文字去描述,都是非常值得深入研究的。那么选本题目的目的是本人对本史诗演唱者的语言特点所很感兴趣,二来是导师对我各方面都严格要求并且认真的指导下开始进入研究。在这过程中我发现了史诗及史诗演唱者的语言方面值得深入研究的很大空间,以及没有被挖掘的空间,并对此进行补充,也是我这篇论文的主要意义及重点所在。论文总共分为四部分。第一部分为前言,主要介绍玛纳斯奇相关的内容,并且简单介绍国外和国内的研究状况。第二部分是论文的重点和难点在于柯尔克孜族最著名的三大“玛纳斯”演唱者萨根拜.奥若孜巴克夫,萨雅克拜.卡拉拉耶夫,居素普.玛玛依等伟大演唱者们演唱的“玛纳斯娶卡尼凯”篇章里运用的语言特点,并且对这些词语的语音和词汇特点进行比较研究。第三部分是新疆克州地区出名的一部分玛纳斯奇的演唱方法和地方口音中语音及词汇的变化情况,主要讲述他们在演唱过程中夹杂方言性词汇的情况,日常生活中使用的词语和方言里的词汇中的语音变化等会情况对史诗“玛纳斯”词汇层次中带来什么样的影响等问题介绍。论文的最后部分是结语,在这部分里讲述玛纳斯奇的语言就是史诗“玛纳斯”的语言,所以本题目主要是着力于语言方面来解释,主要是通过国内一些有名玛纳斯奇的用语特点来研究,挖掘“玛纳斯”史诗中未研究过的地方,弥补这方面的空间。
[Abstract]:Manas is a typical heroic epic with profound people and ideology, and a comprehensive oral art of folk. But the language it uses is not the language of everyday life, but the language it uses is the poetic language that has been refined and processed by generations of singers. The language of the oral epic is a special poetic language. The meaning of the word is the person who sings the epic Manas. Specifically, Manasch is the creator, singer, and communicator of the epic Manas. The concept of a preserver and a developer began to become a form of terminology in the 1930s for the widespread use of the folk populace. Prior to the epic "Manas," the singer was called "storyteller." Narrator and singer ". Singing is full of musicality and rhythm. Manasch's singing is an organic combination of language art and musical art. Manasch's singing of Manas is mainly about language, followed by tones. Gestures and movements. There are a lot of research results on Manas and Manasch, both at home and abroad. Many scholars have collected a lot of information through interviews with folk artists in their field work many times. I also collected a lot of information about this topic. But what language should I use for such a long epic with so much content? What kind of text? How Manasch found such a wealth of words to describe is worth studying deeply. The purpose of this anthology is that I am very interested in the language characteristics of the singer of this epic. In the process, I found a lot of room for in-depth study on the language of epic and epic singers, and there was no room to be excavated. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is the preface, which mainly introduces Manasch's related contents. The second part is the emphasis and difficulty of the thesis, which is the three most famous "Manas" singers of the Kirgiz nationality, Sarganba Orozimakov, Sayakba Kalarayev, The language characteristics of the great singers, such as Jusup Mayi, in Manas' Marry to Kaneki, And a comparative study of the phonetic and lexical characteristics of these words is made. The third part is the singing methods of Manasqi, a famous part of the Xinjiang Kezhou region, and the changes of pronunciation and vocabulary in local accents. It mainly tells the situation that they are mixed with dialect words in the process of singing. The influence of words used in daily life and phonetic changes in dialect on the lexical level of the epic Manas is introduced. The last part of the paper is the conclusion. In this part, we talk about Manasch's language is the language of the epic Manas, so this topic is mainly focused on language interpretation, mainly through some famous Manasch language characteristics to study. Dig into the unstudied parts of Manas and make up the space.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J616.2;H2

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