《左传》疑问句研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 13:46

本文选题：《左传》 + 疑问句　；参考：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《左传》作为中国第一部叙事详细的编年史著作,是研究先秦时期历史的重要文献,它代表了先秦史学的最高成就。不仅具有丰富的史学、文学研究价值,更具有极高的语言研究价值。《左传》详细记载了春秋时代的历史,但其所讲又不限于这段历史,还涉及从古史传说到夏商周三代的历史。它补充并丰富了《春秋》的内容,一改《春秋》流水账式的记史方法,代之以有系统、有组织的史书编纂方法,大大提高了《左传》的史料价值,成为研究上古汉语语法的重要史料。本文试结合标记理论和三个平面语法理论,采用定量分析与定性研究相结合、以及历时对比的研究方法,对《左传》中的疑问句进行系统的研究和分析,以期管窥春秋时期疑问句发展使用和演变规律,探究其在汉语语法史上的地位,尽可能的完善《左传》疑问句的相关研究,为上古汉语语法史的后续研究提供一些可能的参考。文章共分为五个部分。第一章是绪论,对《左传》及作者进行了介绍,综述了《左传》中疑问句的研究状况,并阐述了本文采用的研究方法和研究意义。第二到四章,文章结合传统标记理论分别对《左传》中的询问句、反诘句、测度句进行了分类、研究和分析。在疑问句的分类问题上,先采用吕叔湘先生在《中国文法要略》中的分类方法(按疑问程度分类)将《左传》中的疑问句分为询问句、测度句、反诘句三大类;然后再根据问句的句法结构形式对询问句和反诘句进行下位分类:依据黄伯荣先生在《陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句》中的分类法把询问句分为特指问、是非问、选择问、正反问;把反诘句分为特指问反诘句和是非问反诘句两大类;最后,根据疑问标记理论对其进行下下位分类。经研究、对比发现代汉语疑问句类型的基本框架早在上古汉语时期就已基本成型,且有标疑问句是《左传》乃至上古汉语疑问句的主要形式,《左传》疑问句的演变情况在上古汉语语法史的发展历程中起到一定的承上启下的作用。第五章是结语部分,在对《左传》疑问句整体面貌进行分析的基础上与《史记》进行大致的对比分析并作出归纳和总结。
[Abstract]:Zuo Zhuan, as the first detailed chronicle of narration in China, is an important document in the study of the history of the Pre-Qin Dynasty. It represents the highest achievement of the historiography of the Pre-Qin Dynasty.Zuo Zhuan records the history of the Spring and Autumn period in detail, but it is not limited to this history, but also involves the history of three dynasties from ancient history to Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties.It complements and enriches the contents of "Spring and Autumn", changes income's book-style method of recording history, and replaces it with a systematic and organized method of compiling historical books, which greatly improves the value of historical materials in "Zuo Zhuan".It has become an important historical material for the study of ancient Chinese grammar.Based on the mark-up theory and the three plane grammar theories, this paper makes a systematic study and analysis of the interrogative sentences in Zuo Zhuan by combining quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, as well as diachronic comparison.In order to explore the rules of the development and evolution of interrogative sentences in the Spring and Autumn period, to explore its position in the history of Chinese grammar, and to perfect the related research of the interrogative sentences in Zuo Zhuan as far as possible, this paper provides some possible references for the further study of the history of grammar in ancient Chinese.The article is divided into five parts.The first chapter is the introduction, which introduces Zuo Zhuan and the author, summarizes the research status of the interrogative sentences in Zuo Zhuan, and expounds the research methods and significance of this paper.In the second to fourth chapters, the paper classifies, studies and analyzes the interrogative sentence, rhetorical sentence and measure sentence in Zuo Zhuan.On the question of the classification of interrogative sentences, the question sentences in Zuo Zhuan are divided into three categories: interrogative sentence, measure sentence and rhetorical sentence by using the classification method of Lv Shuxiang in "Chinese Grammar" (classified according to the degree of doubt), which is divided into three categories: interrogative sentence, measure sentence and rhetorical sentence.Then according to the syntactic structure of the question sentence, the interrogative sentence and the rhetorical sentence are subdivided into interrogative sentences and rhetorical sentences: according to the classification of Mr. Huang Bolong in < statement, question, imperative, exclamatory sentence >, the interrogative sentence is divided into specific question, right and wrong, choose question,It divides the rhetorical sentence into two categories: the specific question rhetorical sentence and the right question rhetorical sentence. Finally, the author classifies the rhetorical sentence according to the theory of interrogative markers.According to the research, the basic framework for comparing the types of interrogative sentences in modern Chinese has been basically formed in the period of ancient Chinese.Moreover, the marked interrogative sentence is the main form of the interrogative sentence in Zuo Zhuan and even in the ancient Chinese. The evolution of the interrogative sentence plays a role in the development of the grammatical history of the ancient Chinese.The fifth chapter is the conclusion part, on the basis of the analysis of the whole appearance of the interrogative sentence in Zuo Zhuan, the author makes a general comparative analysis with the Book of History and concludes and summarizes it.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H141

【参考文献】