命名转喻观——以石钟山命名为例

发布时间：2018-04-16 04:15

本文选题：认知语言学 + 唯物论　；参考：《外语教学》2017年04期

【摘要】：索氏的结构主义语言学和乔氏的转换生成语言学的哲学基础都为唯心论,而认知语言学则与其针锋相对,力主从唯物论角度研究语言,提出了"现实—认知—语言"这一核心原则,认为语言是基于对现实世界的"体(互动体验)"和"认(认知加工)"形成的。在认知加工机制中隐喻和转喻当为首要,而近来的研究发现后者比前者更为重要。笔者基于此提出了"命名转喻观":人们通过"体认"感知到某事物的一个特征,就据此来为其命名,从而出现了"部分代整体"的转喻现象。位于江西九江境内"石钟山"的命名理据曾引来多位文人骚客的关注,出现了诸多解释,其实,他们的解释都未跳出"命名转喻"这一认知机制。该观点或许还预示:人类只能求得相对局部的知识,永远识不得世界真面貌。
[Abstract]:The philosophical basis of Sow's structural linguistics and Qiao's transformational generative linguistics is idealism, while cognitive linguistics is opposed to it, aiming to study language from a materialistic point of view.This paper puts forward the core principle of "reality-cognitive-language", and holds that language is based on the "aspect (interactive experience)" and "cognition (cognitive processing)" of the real world.Metaphor and metonymy are the most important mechanisms in cognitive processing, and recent studies have found that the latter is more important than the former.Based on this, the author puts forward the concept of "naming metonymy": people perceive a feature of something through "understanding" and name it accordingly, thus a metonymy phenomenon of "partial generation as a whole" appears.The naming motivation of "Shi Zhong Shan" in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, has attracted the attention of many literati, and many explanations have appeared. In fact, none of them has jumped out of the cognitive mechanism of "naming metonymy".It may also suggest that humans can only acquire relatively partial knowledge and never recognize the true face of the world.
【作者单位】：四川外国语大学国际关系学院;四川外国语大学语言哲学研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“构式视角下的汉语动量组配认知研究”(项目编号:15BYY133) 2015年重庆市教委高校人文社会科学研究项目“后现代哲学视野中汉语拷贝构式的认知研究”(项目编号:15SKG115)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：H15

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