现代汉语“x而y之”格式的研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 13:48

  本文选题：x而y之 + 语义　； 参考：《上海外国语大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在现代汉语中,存在着“替而代之”、“忍而受之”、“禁而止之”、“推而开之”、“笑而纳之”、“缩而小之”等短语,这些短语是由虚词“而”、“之”作为的固定语型“······而·····之”以及可替换成分x、y构成的,不仅用法灵活,而且能产性、使用频率都很高。本文主要针对“x而y之”格式进行分析。第一章为绪论。本章主要说明“x而y之”格式的选题缘由和研究现状。对研究对象“x而y之”格式进行界定。阐述了研究的视角和理论,并对研究价值、方法和语料来源进行说明。第二章为“x而y之”格式的构件和句法功能分析。本章主要说明常项“而”和“之”的性质,由于“而”主要连接谓词性成分,“之”可作助词或代词,这使得常项对所连接的成分有一定的要求,对变项的压制,进而影响整个格式。针对变项,主要分析了它们在音节、语法性质和顺序上的特点,并针对位序进行了规律性的探讨,总结出4条位序相关原则。在格式特征分析上,对不同语法性质的“x而y之”格式进行探讨和归类,同时发现格式主要充当谓语,也可充当定语、状语、插入语、分句、主语及宾语。第三章是“x而y之”格式的语义分析。本章从语义角度,对整个格式进行探讨。首先针对x和y,分析了格式的内部一般语义关系和认知语义关系,从内部语义关系上将其分成并列和非并列两大类。其次,对整个格式的格式义进行了概括,分为强调性质和状态、强调背景或结果、强调动作的时间间隔性和先后顺序性。在对格式内部语义指向进行分析时,发现有语义同指和语义异指现象,从内部语义关系出发,对语义指向进行了分类,探究了其理据以及表达作用。最后对进入格式的不同语法性质的变项进行语义特征分析,试图总结出一定的规律。第四章是“x而y之”的语用特征分析。本章先阐述了格式的语用功能,发现格式的语体特点、其他语用特点是格式得以大规模使用的关键。然后从“关联理论”的角度,对格式中“之”的指代问题和语义异指的理解问题进行解释。第五章:“x而y之”格式的认知探索。本章对“x而y之”的构件从隐喻和转喻两个方面进行引申义的研究。并为格式的概念整合层级制定了4条标准,进而分成了低、中、高三类。由于格式中高整合层级的数量较少,因此还对其原因进行了探究,从认知语言学角度,对输入空间Ⅰ、输入空间Ⅱ和变项内部语义关系三个层面进行解释。第六章是结语。总结了全文的研究工作,指出了研究的不足和下一步的研究打算。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, there are phrases such as "replace it", "endure and receive it", "prohibit it", "push open", "laugh and accept", "shrink but small", and so on. These phrases are made up of function words. As a fixed form of the word "it" and the substitutable component XY, it is not only flexible in usage, but also prolific, and high in frequency. This paper focuses on the analysis of "x and y" format. The first chapter is the introduction. This chapter mainly explains the reason and research status of the "x and y" format. The "x and y" format of the object of study is defined. This paper expounds the perspective and theory of the research, and explains the research value, methods and sources of the corpus. The second chapter is the component and syntactic function analysis of "x and y" format. This chapter mainly explains the nature of the "and" the "of the ordinary terms, because" and "can be used as auxiliary or pronouns, which makes the constant terms have certain requirements for the elements connected and the suppression of the variables. And then affect the whole format. In this paper, the characteristics of syllables, grammatical properties and order of variables are analyzed, and the regularity of the order is discussed, and four principles of order correlation are summarized. In the analysis of format characteristics, the paper discusses and classifies the "x and y" format with different grammatical properties, and finds that the format mainly serves as predicate, but also as attributive, adverbial, insert, clause, subject and object. The third chapter is the semantic analysis of "x and y" format. This chapter discusses the whole format from the semantic point of view. Firstly, the general semantic relation and cognitive semantic relation of format are analyzed for x and y. they are divided into two categories: parallel and non-parallel. Secondly, the format meaning of the whole format is summarized, which includes emphasizing nature and state, background or result, interval and order of action. In this paper, we find that there are semantic synonyms and semantic heterotexes in the analysis of semantic direction within the format. Starting from the internal semantic relations, we classify the semantic direction, and explore its motivation and expressive function. Finally, we analyze the semantic features of the variables with different grammatical properties, and try to sum up some rules. The fourth chapter is the analysis of the pragmatic characteristics of "x and y". In this chapter, the pragmatic functions of the format are discussed, and the stylistic features of the format are found. Other pragmatic features are the key to the large-scale use of the format. Then, from the angle of relevance theory, this paper explains the reference problem and semantic heteronymy problem in the format. Chapter five: the cognitive exploration of "x and y" format. This chapter studies the components of x and y in terms of metaphor and metonymy. And developed four standards for the conceptual integration level of the format, and then divided into low, middle, high three categories. Since the number of high integration levels in the format is relatively small, the reasons are also explored. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the three levels of input space 鈪，

本文编号：1820191