对外汉语初级综合教材课后练习设计对比研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 14:21

本文选题：对外汉语综合教材 + 初级教学　；参考：《鲁东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：教材是教学活动的三大主体之一,在教学过程中的重要地位不言而喻。在对外汉语教学领域,对外汉语教材作为其教学和测试的依据,发挥着极其重要的作用。尤其是初级教材,作为汉语学习者的入门教材,无论对其汉语基础的建立还是未来汉语的学习,都会产生深远的影响。而练习又是教材中相当关键的一部分,是检测学生知识的掌握和教师教学效果的最主要的手段和工具。练习设计的优劣会对教学效果产生最直接的影响,其质量高低可以从多方面来考察,而相互之间良好的结合才能保证练习的质量,无论哪一方面不到位,都会使练习效果大打折扣。目前此方面的研究还有待增加和完善,因此针对对外汉语初级教材中的练习设计进行的考察和对比研究是极具价值的。本文出于对教材的类别、适用范围、出版时间等问题的考虑,选取了三套对外汉语初级综合教材,分别是《跟我学汉语(综合课本)》、《我们的汉语教室(初级)》和《新概念汉语(初级本)》,对其中的练习设计分别从题量、题型、内容三大部分进行对比,分析三套教材在练习设计中存在的优势和不足,本文具体考察如下:第一是三套教材中练习题量的多少,考察教材是否对练习数量足够重视,练习总量能否满足教师和学生双方面的需求,题量的分布是否均衡,练习强度如何等问题。第二是三套教材练习题型是否丰富多样,教材的主要题型和次要题型的结合是否科学合理,何种题型有利于学生的学习,题型设计是否可以引起学生的兴趣等,这些问题于学生学习效果具有非常关键的作用。第三是练习内容的质量如何,分别对三套教材从语言知识和语言技能两大方面的练习进行对比考察,而不只是局限于语音、词汇、语法等语言要素方面。考察教材是否符合综合教材的特点,能否把知识与技能融会贯通。针对以上内容,笔者还设计了题型设计调查问卷,意在调查什么样的题型较受学习者的欢迎,调查对象为较好地完成初级汉语水平学习的准中级汉语学习者。最后把笔者的分析、前人的研究经验和问卷的结果分析这三者结合起来提出有针对性的教材练习设计编写建议,以期为对外汉语初级综合类教材的编写提供些许参考,进而引起更多的学者关注对外汉语的初级教学领域,使之更好地为学习者有效掌握汉语而服务。期待对外汉语教学事业走向更辉煌的明天!
[Abstract]:Teaching material is one of the three main bodies of teaching activities, and the important position in the teaching process is self-evident. In the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, teaching materials play an extremely important role as the basis of teaching and testing. In particular, primary textbooks, as an introductory textbook for Chinese learners, will have a profound impact on both the foundation of Chinese language and the study of Chinese in the future. Practice is a key part of the teaching material, and it is the most important means and tools to test the students' knowledge and teachers' teaching effect. The advantages and disadvantages of practice design will have the most direct influence on the teaching effect, its quality can be examined from many aspects, and the good combination of each other can guarantee the quality of the exercise, no matter which aspect is not in place. It can make the practice less effective. At present, the research on this aspect still needs to be increased and perfected, so it is of great value to investigate and contrast the exercises design in the primary textbooks of Chinese as a foreign language. Based on the consideration of the types of textbooks, the scope of application and the time of publication, this paper selects three sets of primary comprehensive textbooks for Chinese as a foreign language. They are "learn Chinese with me (Comprehensive textbook)", "our Chinese classroom (Primary)" and "New concept Chinese (Elementary Book)", respectively. The exercises and designs are compared in three parts, namely, the quantity of questions, the types of questions, and the contents. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the three sets of textbooks in the exercise design. The main contents are as follows: first, the number of exercises in the three sets of textbooks, and whether the teaching materials pay enough attention to the number of exercises, Whether the total amount of exercises can meet the needs of both teachers and students, whether the distribution of questions is balanced, and how the exercise intensity is. The second is whether the exercise types of the three sets of textbooks are rich and diverse, whether the combination of the main and secondary question types of the textbooks is scientific and reasonable, what kind of questions are conducive to the students' learning, and whether the design of the question types can arouse the students' interest, etc. These problems play a very important role in the students' learning effect. The third is the quality of the content of the exercise, the three sets of teaching materials from the language knowledge and language skills from the two aspects of the practice, but not limited to phonological, vocabulary, grammar and other language elements. Investigate whether the teaching materials accord with the characteristics of comprehensive textbooks, and whether knowledge and skills can be integrated. In view of the above content, the author also designed the questionnaire of question type design, which is intended to investigate what kind of question type is popular with learners, and the object of the survey is quasi intermediate Chinese learners who have completed their primary Chinese proficiency well. Finally, the author's analysis, the previous research experience and the questionnaire result analysis are combined together to put forward the targeted teaching material exercise design suggestions, in order to provide some reference for the compilation of the teaching materials of Chinese as a foreign language. Thus, more scholars pay attention to the field of primary teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, so as to make it better for learners to master Chinese effectively. Look forward to the cause of teaching Chinese as a foreign language to a more brilliant tomorrow!
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.4

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