段玉裁《说文解字注》形声字古音归部研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 13:00

本文选题：谐声偏旁 + 形声字　；参考：《陕西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文《段玉裁说文解字注形声字古音归部研究》主要围绕段玉裁《说文解字注》关于形声字的古音归部进行了以下三个方面的研究:首先,在考查段氏《古十七部谐声表》中凡1521个谐声偏旁在《说文解字注》中的古韵归部时,发现其中有66个谐声偏旁在《说文解字注》与《古十七部谐声表》中的古韵归部并不一致;而进一步分析这66个谐声偏旁在《说文解字注》与《古十七部谐声表》中古韵归部不一致的原因时,发现学术界部分学者所认为的“同谐声者必同部”理论是段玉裁关于形声字的古音归部原则是不对的;否则,便不会出现出自同一人之手的同一谐声偏旁竟然在《古十七部谐声表》与《说文解字注》中分别归入不同韵部的矛盾现象。其次,通过抽查《说文解字注》中较有代表性的凡15组同声符的形声字,分析它们古韵归入不同韵部的事实,说明段玉裁对《说文解字》形声字进行古音归部的依据是:韵脚字,段氏依实际押韵情况归部。其中,对于一字入两韵者,段氏取押韵次数多的那部入韵音为归部音。非韵脚字,段氏或取其今音上推,或根据同韵系联的方法,将同声符、且中古同韵的形声字系联归入同一韵部。再次,本文从发生学、谐声造字的角度对段玉裁“同谐声者必同部”理论进行了科学、深入分析,说明段氏“同谐声者必同部”理论只作为谐声造字的原则、适用于形声字创制之初,在“以事为名,取譬相成”的谐声造字过程中建立并固定在形声字结构中的谐声关系具有初始性和不变性,不能被当做是段氏《说文解字注》关于形声字的古音归部依据。
[Abstract]:In this thesis, Duan Yu-cai 's explanation of the ancient phonetic part of the Chinese characters is studied in the following three aspects: first, the research focuses on the ancient phonetic part of Duan Yu-cai 's "Shuo-wen Jie Zi": first of all, there are three aspects of the research on the ancient phonetic part of the pictophonetic characters: first of all, In the examination of Duan's "Ancient Seventeen Harmonic Sound Meter", where 1521 harmonics deviate from the ancient rhyme in "Shuowen Jie Zi Note", It is found that 66 of them are not consistent with the ancient rhyme in Shuowen Jie Zi Note and the Ancient Seventeen harmonics Table. While further analyzing the reasons why these 66 harmonics deviate from the ancient rhyme in Shuowen Jie Zi Note and the Ancient Seventeen Harmonic Sound Table, It is found that Duan Yu-cai 's theory of "harmony and harmony must be the same part" is wrong for some scholars in academic circles, otherwise, it is wrong for Duan Yu-cai 's ancient pronunciation to belong to the same part of phonetic characters; otherwise, There would be no contradiction between the same harmonic sound deviation from the same person's hand and the different prosodic parts in the "Ancient Seventeen harmonics Table" and the "Shuowen Jie Zi Note". Secondly, through the random examination of 15 groups of phonetic characters of homophonic characters in Shuo Wen Jie Zi Note, the paper analyzes the fact that their ancient rhymes belong to different prosody parts. It is explained that Duan Yu-cai 's ancient phonetic part of Shuowen Jie character is based on prosodic word and Duan's rhyme according to the actual rhyme. Among them, for a word into two rhymes, Duan took the rhyme number of that part of the rhyme into the part. Non-rhyme characters, Duan's or their phonetic push up, or according to the method of rhyme, the synonym, and the ancient synonymous phonetic system into the same prosody. Thirdly, this paper makes a deep analysis of Duan Yu-cai 's theory of "the same harmonics must be the same part" from the perspective of genomics and harmonics, and explains that Duan's theory of "the same harmonics must be the same part" is only used as the principle of the harmonic acoustics. At the beginning of the creation of pictophonetic characters, in the process of constructing and fixing the harmonic sound relations in the structure of pictophonetic characters in the name of "in the name of things, taking analogies and complementary to each other", the harmonics relationship established and fixed in the structure of pictophonetic characters is of initial and invariance. It can not be regarded as the ancient phonetic basis of Duan's "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" about pictophonetic characters.
【学位授予单位】：陕西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H122

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