衡南方言声调实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 15:26

本文选题：衡南方言 + 声调　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在系统描写衡南方言面貌的基础上,以实验语音学的研究方法为基础,对衡南方言中声调的归并进行吻合度验证,对衡南方言阳去调是否存在嘎裂现象以及嘎裂的地位和作用进行分析。基于分域四度制法,我们对衡南方言单字调声调系统的特点进行了归纳并确定声调格局,还对衡南方言双字调的变调进行研究分析,以期衡州小片的声调系统可以得到完整的呈现,并能进行跨地域的方言声调比较,加深对整个湘语乃至整个汉语语言的全面了解。本文共分为五个部分:第一章:绪论。主要介绍衡南的历史地理、语言归属以及音系情况。同时,以本文的研究内容为向导,梳理了汉语声调实验研究的阶段性成果和目前的进展;最后,介绍了本文的发音人、字表、研究方法和实验过程等。第二章:衡南方言单字调实验研究。重点从音高、调域、时长三个角度研究衡南方言单字调声学格局。本文通过Praat提取单字调基频值,对发音人基频均值进行归一,并通过基频参数比照法和谐波差值法确定调域,根据朱晓农分域四度法得出衡南方言单字调共有三域六个调类,呈现出“四升一平一凹”的声调格局,声调调值整体偏高且升调偏多,发声态起到了很大的区别作用。从声调时长来看,衡南方言的入声基本上都已经舒化,其时长大小并不具备区别性意义。最后,我们从湘方言声调的整体格局判断衡南方言声调的发展趋为:阴去和阳去有同化的趋势,入声与阳平有同化的趋势。第三章:衡南方言中的纯低调。通过语图以及实验分析,我们可以看出衡南方言中的阳去调在语音形态上既有弱僵声,也有典型的嘎裂,属于“纯低调”变体的特征。我们认为,衡南方言中的嘎裂声是个可选特征,不是必备特征,但其凸显阳去“低调”特征的区别性作用让我们进一步证实阳去处于低域。第四章:衡南方言双字连读实验研究。通过Praat提取衡南方言双字组连读音节的基频值,并对其进行归一,得出衡南方言连读规律。我们认为,在衡南方言连读音节中,阴平总保持高域调值,前字声调的变体较少,后字声调变体较多,且后音节受前音节声调的影响较大。从衡南方言的调位性变体来看,阴去有两个调位性变体:33、34;入声有一个调位性变体:34。第五章:结语。详细总结全文的研究结论,说明本文的研究成果和展望。
[Abstract]:On the basis of systematically describing the features of Hengnan dialect and based on the experimental phonetics research method, this paper verifies the consonance of tones in Hengnan dialect. This paper analyzes whether there is a crack phenomenon in Hengnan dialect and its status and function. Based on the method of four degrees of division, we sum up the characteristics of the tone system of Hengnan dialect and determine the tone pattern. We also study and analyze the change of the tone of two characters in Hengnan dialect. It is hoped that the tone system of Heng Zhou small piece can be presented completely, and the dialect tone can be compared across regions, and the overall understanding of the whole Hunan language and even the whole Chinese language can be deepened. This paper is divided into five parts: chapter one: introduction. This paper mainly introduces Hengnan's historical geography, language attribution and phonology. At the same time, taking the research content as the guide, this paper combs the stage achievement and the present progress of the Chinese tone experimental research, and finally, introduces the pronunciation person, the word table, the research method and the experiment process. Chapter two: the experimental study on the tone of Hengnan dialect. This paper focuses on the acoustic pattern of Hengnan dialect from three angles of pitch, domain and duration. In this paper, we extract the fundamental frequency value of single word by Praat, normalize the fundamental frequency mean of pronunciation person, and determine the modulation domain by comparing the fundamental frequency parameter and the harmonic difference value method. According to Zhu Xiaonong's four degree method of domain, we can conclude that there are three domains and six tones in Hengnan dialect. There is a tone pattern of "four liters, one flat, one concave", the overall tone tone value is on the high side and the rising tone is on the high side, and the vocal state plays a very different role. From the perspective of tone length, Hengnan dialect has basically been relaxed, its length does not have the significance of distinction. Finally, we judge from the overall pattern of the tone of Hunan dialect that the tone development of Hengnan dialect tends to be: the trend of assimilation between Yin and Yang, and the trend of assimilation between entering and Yangping. Chapter three: pure low-key in Hengnan dialect. Through the analysis of the language picture and the experiment, we can see that the Yang demodulation in Hengnan dialect has not only weak stiff sound, but also typical crack, which belongs to the characteristics of "pure low-key" variant. We think that the creaking sound in Hengnan dialect is an optional feature, not a necessary feature, but it highlights the distinct role of the "low-key" feature of Yang to go, which makes us further confirm that Yang-go is in the low region. The fourth chapter: Hengnan dialect double-character continuous reading experimental study. The basic frequency of the continuous syllable in Hengnan dialect is extracted by Praat, and the rule of continuous reading is obtained. We think that in Hengnan dialect, Yin and Ping always keep high tone value, the former tone is less, and the latter one is more variant, and the latter syllable is influenced by the front syllable. From the perspective of the phonetic variants of Hengnan dialect, there are two kinds of phonetic variants: 3 / 33 / 34 and 1: 34 / 34, respectively. Chapter five: conclusion. The conclusion of this paper is summarized in detail, and the research results and prospects of this paper are explained.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H17

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