古巴哈瓦那大学孔子学院学生汉语形近字学习调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 19:44

本文选题：古巴学生 + 形近汉字　；参考：《广西民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：文章共分为七个部分,以古巴哈瓦那大学孔子学院为例,对古巴学生形近字学习进行研究。绪论部分,对前人形近字的研究进行梳理,介绍了研究内容以及方法,并对古巴哈瓦那大学孔子学院做了简单的介绍。第一章对汉语形近字的定义、产生原因及分类进行介绍。从字形结构出发,将形近字分为三种类型:形近汉字同为独体字、形近汉字同为合体字、形近汉字为独体字和合体字,并对《新实用汉语课本》里的形近字进行分析。第二章是对古巴哈瓦那大学孔子学院学生学习形近字的调查。以古巴哈瓦那大学孔子学院初级一级至高级二级共六个级别的学生为调查对象,通过问卷调查的方式,分两个问卷考察学生对所学课本中形近字的掌握情况。认为古巴学生在识认形近字字音、字义时,错误率随学生水平提高而逐渐降低;而在辩别形近字字形时,错误率与学生汉语水平没有明显联系,形近字字形的识认是古巴学生学习形近字的难点。在辨别形近字字形时,形近字同为独体字中的下部相同,上部不同的形近字识认错误率最高;形近字同为合体字中的同为左右结构,相同部件位置不同的形近字识认错误率最高。第三章分析了影响古巴哈瓦那学生形近字学习的因素,并针对存在的问题提出相应的教学建议。认为影响学生形近字学习的因素主要有汉字自身的特点、学生自身的认知特点和学习方法、汉字教学的重视程度、汉字教学时间等。第四章针对存在的问题,首先建议针对汉字结构特点,从古巴学生学习习惯入手;其次,建议学生应该克服畏难情绪,掌握正确的学习方法,培养字感;第三,教师要重视形近字的教学,采取正确有效的多种方法进行教学;最后,建议学校增设专门的汉字课,增加汉字教学的时间。第五章为结语部分,对文章进行总结,同时介绍研究的不足及对后续研究的展望。附录部分,附上本研究的两份调查问卷。
[Abstract]:This paper is divided into seven parts. Taking the Confucius Institute of Havana University of Cuba as an example, this paper studies the study of the form of Chinese characters among Cuban students. In the introduction part, the author makes a brief introduction to the Confucius Institute of Havana University in Cuba. The first chapter introduces the definition, causes and classification of Chinese characters. Based on the structure of the font, this paper classifies the near character into three types: the form and the near Chinese character is the single type character, the form near Chinese character is the combination character, the form near Chinese character is the single type character and the combined type character, and the near form character in the New practical Chinese textbook is analyzed. The second chapter is a survey of the students at the Confucius Institute of Havana University, Cuba. Taking the students of the Confucius Institute of the University of Havana, Cuba, as the subjects, two questionnaires were conducted to investigate the students' mastery of the Chinese characters in the textbooks. It is considered that the error rate decreases gradually with the improvement of the students' level in the recognition of the form and the meaning of the characters, but there is no obvious relationship between the error rate and the Chinese level of the students. The recognition of the shape is the difficulty for Cuban students to learn the form and character. In the discrimination of the shape of the near character, the near character is the same in the lower part of the single character, the highest rate of recognition error is in the different shape of the upper part of the character, and the same character is the same as the left and right structure in the composite character. The highest recognition error rate is found in the same parts with different positions. The third chapter analyzes the factors that affect the students' learning of near characters in Havana, Cuba, and puts forward some teaching suggestions for the existing problems. It is considered that the main factors affecting students' learning of Chinese characters are the characteristics of Chinese characters themselves, the cognitive characteristics and learning methods of students themselves, the importance of Chinese character teaching, the teaching time of Chinese characters, and so on. The fourth chapter is aimed at the existing problems, first of all, it is suggested to start with the study habits of Cuban students in view of the structural characteristics of Chinese characters; secondly, it is suggested that students should overcome the emotion of fear of difficulties, master the correct learning methods, and cultivate the sense of character; third, Teachers should pay attention to the teaching of Chinese characters and take correct and effective teaching methods. Finally, it is suggested that special Chinese characters courses be added in schools to increase the teaching time of Chinese characters. The fifth chapter is the conclusion part, which summarizes the article, and introduces the deficiency of the research and the prospect of the follow-up research. In the appendix, two questionnaires of this study are attached.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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