罗马尼亚学生习得汉语限制性状语的偏误研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 18:55

本文选题：状语 + 罗马尼亚学生　；参考：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要研究罗马尼亚学生在习得汉语限制性状语方面所犯的偏误。本篇论文将调查、比较、分析这些偏误,并针对偏误提出适当的教学及学习建议及策略,这是非常有必要的。首先,本文从比较汉语的状语和罗马尼亚语中的对应词这一角度开始研究。在给出适当的定义并相应地对它们进行分类后,对句子语序进行分析;之后,本文列出一些学习者所犯的常见错误,总结偏误,接着着重分析造成这些偏误的原因及提出教师在汉语教学时可以采用的一些策略。本研究的数据一部分是从罗马尼亚不同的孔子学院正在学中文的学生中收集的,另一部分来自曾在中国学习汉语的罗马尼亚学生。两种类型的问卷分别由汉语水平不同的学生来填写。一种问卷由汉语初级水平的学生完成,另一种由汉语中高级水平的学生完成。经过调查,数据结果表明,当一个中文句子中只有一个副词作状语时,状语应该放在句子的主语和谓语之间,这一点罗马尼亚学生比较容易掌握;但当句子中出现两个及两个以上的状语时,罗马尼亚学生就很难确定状语的正确位置了。在某些情况当中,正如许多中国的语言学家的观点,句子中的一些状语,位置是固定的,但另一些(如时间、地点等)状语的位置是相对灵活的。在罗马尼亚语中,有很多不同的方法可以表达相同的意思,可以使用不同的语序。调查问卷的结果也显示,对罗马尼亚学生来说,当学习汉语语法结构时,存在很多理解性的错误。基于研究结果可以看出,由于不能确定汉语限制性状语在句子中的语序,罗马尼亚学生常常犯语法错误。同时,由于汉语的某些副词在罗马尼亚语中不存在,学生们会感到困惑。另一些情况下,学生只是掌握得不够熟练,从而导致犯错。笔者认为,在学习汉语过程中教师应强调语序和限制性状语的重要性。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the errors made by Romanian students in the acquisition of Chinese restrictive adverbials. This paper will investigate, compare and analyze these errors, and put forward appropriate teaching and learning suggestions and strategies, which is very necessary. First of all, this paper begins to study from the perspective of comparing adverbials in Chinese and equivalents in Romanian. After giving a proper definition and classifying them accordingly, this paper analyzes the word order of sentences, and then lists the common mistakes made by some learners and summarizes the errors. Then it analyzes the causes of these errors and puts forward some strategies teachers can adopt in Chinese teaching. Some of the data were collected from Chinese students at different Confucius Institutes in Romania and another from Romanian students who had studied Chinese in China. The two types of questionnaires were filled out by students with different levels of Chinese. One type of questionnaire is completed by Chinese elementary level students and the other by Chinese middle and advanced level students. The data show that when only one adverb is used as adverbial in a Chinese sentence, the adverbial should be placed between the subject and predicate of the sentence, which is easy to grasp by Romanian students. But when two or more adverbials appear in a sentence, it is difficult for Romanian students to determine the correct position of the adverbial. In some cases, as many Chinese linguists have said, some adverbial positions in sentences are fixed, but in others (such as time, place, etc.) the position of adverbials is relatively flexible. In Romanian, there are many different ways to express the same meaning and use different word order. The results of the questionnaire also show that for Romanian students, there are many misunderstandings when learning Chinese grammar structure. Based on the results, it can be seen that Romanian students often make grammatical mistakes because they can not determine the word order of Chinese restrictive adverbials in sentences. At the same time, because some adverbs in Chinese do not exist in Romanian, students will be confused. In other cases, students are simply not proficient enough to make mistakes. The author believes that teachers should emphasize the importance of word order and restrictive adverbial in learning Chinese.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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