中国刑事判决书修辞结构研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 06:32

本文选题：刑事判决书 + 修辞结构　；参考：《北京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：法律和语言紧密相关。刑事判决书是人民法院依照刑事诉讼法规定的程序,对刑事案件审理终结,根据查明的事实和证据,依法对被告人定罪量刑的书面决定,是刑事审判过程中的重要环节之一。其不仅反映了判决的法律效力,更展示了法官与诉讼人之间的文本交际。本文以Mann和Thompson等提出的修辞结构理论为依据,对30篇中文刑事判决书中修辞关系进行全面的标注,然后采取定性和定量相结合的方法进行修辞关系的分析,旨在探讨刑事判决书各个语步中修辞关系分布的异同及特点,研究不同修辞关系在中文刑事判决书中的功能。本文由七个部分组成。第一章为引言部分,主要陈述了本文的研究背景、研究目的、研究意义等。第二章是文献综述,主要回顾了修辞结构理论以及法庭判决书在国内外的研究现状。第三章为本文的理论框架,简述了修辞结构理论和判决书语步的具体内容。第四章阐述了本文的研究方案,包括研究的语料、研究步骤和研究的具体方法。第五章分析了各种修辞关系在中文刑事判决书中的语言实现。第六章为讨论结果部分,主要分析了修辞关系在中文刑事判决书各个语步中的分布和特点,并有针对性的分析了中文刑事判决书中最常用的修辞关系。第七章概括性陈述了本文的结论以及研究的局限性和启示。本文发现中文刑事判决书中包含丰富的修辞关系。序列关系以及联结关系出现次数极多,在多核心修辞关系中共占95%左右。在核心-卫星类关系中,环境关系、阐述关系、意愿性结果关系和意愿性原因关系出现次数最多。就中文判决书不同语步而言,修辞关系分布有巨大差异。环境关系、阐述关系和序列关系在告知性语步中占优势,而意愿性原因、意愿性结果关系和联结关系在表达观点的语步中占优势。此外,不同修辞关系所起作用也不尽相同。联结关系、序列关系和阐述关系使得判决书条理更清晰、语言更连贯,而证明关系、原因结果类关系和解释关系使得判决书更有信服力、更有逻辑性且更加详细。本文以修辞结构理论为依据,对中文刑事判决书中修辞关系进行分析,不仅丰富了基于修辞结构理论指导下的法律文本研究,还能为法律学者们对判决书的写作和评鉴提供一些思路,希望能为我国判决书的改革提供一些参考。
[Abstract]:Law and language are closely related. Criminal judgment is a written decision of the people's court in accordance with the procedure prescribed by the Criminal procedure Law, which ends the trial of a criminal case, and is one of the important links in the process of criminal trial, according to the facts and evidence found out, and the written decision on the conviction and sentencing of the defendant according to the law. It not only reflects the legal effect of the judgment, but also shows the text communication between the judge and litigants. Based on the rhetorical structure theory put forward by Mann and Thompson, this paper comprehensively annotates the rhetorical relations in 30 Chinese criminal judgments, and then analyzes the rhetorical relations by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The purpose of this paper is to explore the similarities and differences in the distribution of rhetorical relations in each step of the criminal judgment, and to study the functions of different rhetorical relations in the Chinese criminal judgment. This paper consists of seven parts. The first chapter is the introduction, mainly describes the research background, research purpose, research significance and so on. Chapter two is a literature review, which reviews the theory of rhetorical structure and the research status of court judgments at home and abroad. The third chapter is the theoretical framework of this paper, briefly describes the rhetorical structure theory and the specific content of sentence steps. The fourth chapter describes the research program, including the research corpus, research steps and research methods. Chapter five analyzes the realization of various rhetorical relations in Chinese criminal judgment. The sixth chapter is the result of the discussion, mainly analyzes the distribution and characteristics of rhetorical relations in each step of the Chinese criminal judgment, and analyzes the most commonly used rhetorical relations in the Chinese criminal judgment. The seventh chapter summarizes the conclusions of this paper and the limitations and implications of the study. This paper finds that the Chinese criminal judgment contains rich rhetorical relations. Sequence relation and connection relation appear frequently, accounting for about 95% of the multi-core rhetorical relations. In the core-satellite relationship, the environmental relationship, the expounding relationship, the willing result relationship and the willing cause relationship appear most frequently. There are great differences in the distribution of rhetorical relations among different steps in Chinese judgments. Environmental relation, expounding that relationship and sequence relation are dominant in informing language step, while willing reason, willing result relation and connection relation are dominant in expressing point of view. In addition, different rhetorical relationships play different roles. The connection relation, the sequence relation and the elaboration relation make the judgement more clear and the language more coherent, while the relation of proof, the relation of reason and result and the relation of explanation make the judgment more convincing, more logical and more detailed. Based on the theory of rhetorical structure, this paper analyzes the rhetorical relations in Chinese criminal judgments, which not only enriches the study of legal texts under the guidance of rhetorical structure theory. It can also provide some ideas for the legal scholars to write and evaluate the judgments, hoping to provide some references for the reform of the judgments in our country.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H15

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