冗余与图式理论视角下同传中的预期现象研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 13:08

本文选题：同声传译 + 预期　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文中,作者依据Chernov的结论：同传译员实现源语理解的充要条件是语言的冗余,进行了进一步的拓展,并从冗余以及图示理论的综合角度对同声传译的预期现象进行了研究,作者共提出三个假设,随后通过实证方法对假设进行了验证。假设一：成功的预期需要三个条件,即：一句话中所有的信息(information)应尽早出现；听者应具备相关图式；讲话人应言之有物,逻辑通顺。假设二：在预期能力与同传表现之间存在正相关性。假设三：当理解的非均衡状态发生时,除了吸收(assimilation)和顺应(accommodation)之外,篡改新的输入(altering the new input)也是一种恢复均衡状态的方式。诸如“可能性与风险”、“共同世界”以及“猜词能力”等一系列在研究出衍生出的话题也将在本文中进行讨论。同时,本文将提出一个对理解或预期能力进行量化评估的模型。此外,作者还会依据本文的结论,对同传学习和实践提出一些建议。诸如：依据不确定性削减理论,人脑所需处理的仅是信息而非冗余。因此,进行充分的译前准备可以通过提高冗余信息比,使译员的现场表现更加从容。而译员在提高语言能力并拓展百科知识的同时,还应时刻保持自己的预期能力处于激活状态以提高自己的理解效率,并对自己听到的内容有足够信心以避免出现篡改输入的现象。作者最初的研究动机来自对于同声传译中预期以及理解的浓厚兴趣,研究最终涉及多个领域,包括：翻译研究、认知心理学、信息理论、图示理论以及数理统计等。
[Abstract]:In this paper, according to Chernov's conclusion, the necessary and sufficient condition for simultaneous interpreter to realize source language understanding is the redundancy of the language, which is further expanded, and the anticipatory phenomenon of simultaneous interpretation is studied from the perspective of redundancy and diagrammatic theory. The author puts forward three hypotheses and then verifies them by empirical method. Scenario one: the expectation of success requires three conditions, namely: all the information in a sentence should appear as soon as possible; the listener should have the relevant schema; and the speaker should have substance and logic. Hypothesis two: there is a positive correlation between the ability to anticipate and the performance of simultaneous interpretation. Hypothesis 3: in addition to assimilation and adaptation, tampering with the new input altering the new input) is also a way to restore the equilibrium state when the disequilibrium state of understanding occurs. A series of topics such as "possibility and risk", "common world" and "ability to guess words" will also be discussed in this paper. At the same time, this paper proposes a quantitative evaluation model for the ability to understand or anticipate. In addition, according to the conclusions of this paper, the author will make some suggestions on the learning and practice of simultaneous interpretation. For example, according to uncertainty reduction theory, the human brain needs to deal with information rather than redundancy. Therefore, adequate pre-translation preparation can improve the performance of interpreters by increasing the redundant information ratio. While improving their language skills and expanding their encyclopedic knowledge, interpreters should always maintain their expected ability to be activated to improve their understanding efficiency. And have enough confidence in what you hear to avoid tampering with input. The author's initial motivation comes from a strong interest in anticipation and understanding in simultaneous interpretation, which ultimately involves a number of areas, including translation studies, cognitive psychology, information theory, graphic theory and mathematical statistics.
【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H059

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