汉泰人体名词引申义对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 03:45

本文选题：人体器官名词 + 隐喻　；参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人类习惯把自身的认知类推到其他事物上,以自己为标准去衡量其他事物,用简单的人体词去命名、概括或描述难以理解的抽象事物。人的认知虽然具有普遍性,但不同的文化背景也会使之受到影响,使我们在表现人体名词隐喻时有不同的概念和联想。人体名词的引申义大部分是在“隐喻”和“转喻”的基础上发生的。本文主要通过人体名词的四个部分进行对比研究,分别是:头部、躯干、四肢和内脏。首先,根据《现代汉语词典》和《皇家学会词典》给人体名词的定义,分析出该词的语义特征,再对汉泰人体词的隐喻义和转喻义分析出其共性和个性。然而,词典给出的定义虽然解释了其意义,但不能区别汉泰两种语言中的人体名词,因此,我们需要采用隐喻理论,将汉泰人体名词的引申义分为隐喻义和转喻义,再通过喻体的取像点分为:位置类、形状类和功能类;通过本体和喻体之间的关系分为:部分-整体、器官-功能/特征、器官-动作/行为。然后,从中分析出其语义特征,揭示了人体名词在两种语言中的差别。最后,再从文化、思维方式等方面进行阐述。通过研究发现,因为人体器官的形状和位置是相同的,所以大部分汉泰人体名的形状隐喻和位置隐喻大同小异,但在功能隐喻上存在着差异,而这些差别就反应在文化和思维上,所以我们可以通过语义成分分析法来揭示其文化内涵,思维方式、道德观念。
[Abstract]:Human beings are accustomed to analogy their own cognition to other things, to measure other things by themselves, to name them with simple human words, to generalize or describe abstract things that are difficult to understand. Although human cognition is universal, it is influenced by different cultural backgrounds, which makes us have different concepts and associations when we express human noun metaphors. The derivation of human nouns occurs mostly on the basis of metaphor and metonymy. This article mainly through the human body noun four parts carries on the contrast research, namely: head, trunk, limbs and viscera. Firstly, according to the definition of human body nouns in Modern Chinese Dictionary and Royal Society Dictionary, the semantic features of this word are analyzed, and then the metaphorical and metaphorical meanings of Chinese and Thai human words are analyzed. However, although the definition given in the dictionary explains its meaning, it cannot distinguish human nouns in Chinese and Thai languages. Therefore, we need to adopt metaphor theory to divide the semantic meanings of human nouns into metaphorical meanings and metaphorical meanings. Then the image points of the vehicle can be divided into three categories: position class, shape class and function class, and the relationship between the ontology and the vehicle can be divided into part-whole, organ-function / feature, organ-action / behavior. Then, the semantic features of human nouns are analyzed and the differences of human nouns in the two languages are revealed. Finally, from the culture, mode of thinking and other aspects of the elaboration. It is found that, because the shape and position of human organs are the same, the shape metaphors and positional metaphors of Chinese and Thai human names are similar, but there are differences in functional metaphors. These differences are reflected in culture and thinking, so we can reveal their cultural connotation, mode of thinking and moral concept through semantic component analysis.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136;H412

【参考文献】