韩国留学生回避使用泛化的亲属称谓语现象研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 01:15

本文选题：韩国留学生 + 亲属称谓语　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：每种语言都存在着独特的称谓系统,汉语当然不例外,而汉语的称谓语在汉语中更是占有及其重要的地位,汉语的称谓语根据使用场合的不同分为亲属称谓语和社会称谓语两种,亲属称谓语是以婚姻和血缘为基础形成的亲属关系之间的称谓语,用于亲属成员之间的称呼。社会称谓语是人们在进行社会交际中使用的称谓语。“亲属称谓语的泛化”是汉语亲属称谓语存在的普遍现象之一,也是汉语亲属称谓语的最大特点之一,亲属称谓语的泛化是由于中国古代儒家传统文化作用的结果,人们用亲属称谓语称呼没有亲属关系的社会成员,一部分学者将其定义为拟亲属称谓语,实际上即是把亲属称谓语用作社会称谓语,有利于完成拉近交际双方的距离,更好的完成交际,在社会交际中拉近交际双方的心理距离。在对外汉语教学中,“泛化的亲属称谓语”对于留学生学习来讲较有难度,泛化的亲属称谓语既是重点又是难点,但在对外汉语教学中对于亲属称谓语研究较多,对其泛化研究甚少,因此本文通过设计调查问卷,对中国和韩国人使用泛化的亲属称谓语情况的不同,发现韩国留学生在使用“泛化的亲属称谓语”时采取“回避策略”,对于“泛化的亲属称谓语”使用不足,本文通过问卷分析韩国人回避使用的原因,以及如何应对。“回避策略”是学习者对未掌握的语言点刻意回避的心理现象,不少学者对“回避策略”进行分析,关于“回避策略”研究主要存在两种观点:有部分学者认为适当地使用“回避策略”可以使学生在学习时恰当的回避难点,有助于表达更加顺畅,另外一部分学者则认为,使用“回避策略”会使学生助长学生对难点的抵抗情绪,认为学习者在学习第二语言时不应使用“回避策略”,这部分学者对“回避策略”持消极态度。本文以16个典型的“泛化的亲属称谓语”为研究对象,通过设计调查问对中韩两国的学生对“泛化的亲属称谓语”的使用情况进行分析研究,以“知晓度”调查和《汉语词汇与汉字等级大纲》中词级难度为参考,对比中韩两国学生对“泛化的亲属称谓语”的使用情况,分析韩国学生的使用特点,从不同角度、不同场合提出合适的使用方法,笔者强调对“回避策略”对留学生的学习语言知识是不利的。在文章中,笔者对韩国留学生回避使用泛化的亲属称谓语使用不当或回避使用的情况详细的分析研究,找出学习者回避的原因,针对原因合理使用“泛化的亲属称谓语”的建议。
[Abstract]:There is a unique appellation system in every language, Chinese is no exception, and Chinese appellation plays an important role in Chinese. Chinese appellations are divided into kinship terms and social appellations according to the situations in which they are used. Kinship appellations are forms of kinship relations based on marriage and consanguinity, which are used to address relative members. Social appellation is a kind of appellation used in social communication. "generalization of kinship appellations" is one of the common phenomena in the existence of Chinese kinship appellations and one of the biggest characteristics of Chinese kinship appellations. The generalization of kinship appellations is the result of the traditional Chinese Confucian culture. People use kinship terms to refer to members of society who have no kinship, and some scholars define them as pseudo kinship terms. In fact, they use kinship terms as social appellations, which is helpful to bring closer the distance between the two sides of communication. Better to complete the communication, in the social communication to close the psychological distance between the two parties. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, "generalized kinship appellations" are more difficult for foreign students to learn. The generalized kinship appellations are not only important but also difficult, but in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, there are many researches on kinship appellations. There is very little research on generalization, so this paper designs a questionnaire to study the differences between Chinese and Korean people in the use of generic kinship terms, and finds that Korean students adopt "avoidance strategies" when they use "generalized kinship appellations". For the lack of use of generic kinship terms, this paper analyzes the reasons for Korean avoidance and how to cope with them. "avoidance strategy" is a psychological phenomenon that learners deliberately avoid the unmastered language points. Many scholars have analyzed the "avoidance strategy". There are two main points of view on the study of "avoidance strategies": some scholars think that proper use of "avoidance strategies" can help students to express more smoothly the difficulties in their study, while others think that, The use of "avoidance strategies" will encourage students to resist difficulties. It is believed that learners should not use "avoidance strategies" when learning a second language. This part of the scholars have a negative attitude towards "avoidance strategies". Taking 16 typical "generalized kinship terms" as the research object, this paper analyzes the use of "generalized kinship appellations" by Chinese and Korean students through a design survey. Based on the investigation of "the degree of knowledge" and the difficulty of Chinese word level in the outline of Chinese Vocabulary and Chinese characters, this paper compares the use of "generalized kinship terms" between Chinese and Korean students, and analyzes the characteristics of Korean students' use, and analyzes the characteristics of Korean students' use from different angles. The author emphasizes that "avoidance strategy" is unfavorable for foreign students to learn language knowledge. In this paper, the author makes a detailed analysis of the inappropriate use or avoidance of the generic kinship terms used by Korean students, and finds out the reasons for the learners' avoidance. Suggestions on rational use of generic kinship terms for reasons.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195

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