试论羡余否定的形成机制和原因——以“差点儿”类羡余否定为例

发布时间：2018-06-22 23:41

本文选题：差点儿 + 羡余否定　；参考：《新疆大学学报(哲学·人文社会科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：羡余否定的是语义层面的隐性否定意义上浮到句法层面的结果,"差点儿"类羡余否定包括"X"为"差、欠、几乎、险些、差点儿"等的"X+Neg+VP"。这类羡余否定可分为两小类:第一类"X"含有"不够"义,这类词语形成的是单向级差序列,由于两个颠倒顺序的单向级差序列相互影响,导致否定结构只能是羡余否定;另一类"X"含有"接近"义,如果"VP"双向可测,前可以加"才",其否定结构按照字面意义理解,是双重否定。如果"VP"不能双向可测,前一般不可加"才",则只能是羡余否定。这种区分标准在其他语言中也有反映,此外,羡余否定的形成与消极成分并无本质的联系。隐性否定意义上浮到句法层面,如果还受到其他句法等因素干扰,则不能上浮。
[Abstract]:What envy Yu negates is the result that the implicit negative meaning of semantic level surmounts to syntactic level. "almost" category envy surplus negation includes "X" as "X" is "bad, less, almost, nearly, nearly" X Neg VP ". This kind of surplus negation can be divided into two small categories: the first type "X" contains the meaning of "not enough", this kind of words form one-way differential sequence, because of the mutual influence of two reverse sequence of one-way differential sequence, the negative structure can only be envied surplus negation; Another kind of "X" has the meaning of "approaching". If "VP" can be measured in both directions, it can be added "talent" before, and its negation structure is double negation according to the literal meaning. If VP can not be measured in both directions and talent can not be added before, it can only be envied and negated. The criterion of distinction is also reflected in other languages, and there is no essential relationship between the formation of surplus negation and negative elements. The implicit negative meaning floats up to the syntactic level, and if it is interfered by other syntactic factors, it cannot float.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学中国语言文学系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金青年项目“互动语言学视阈下汉语羡余否定现象研究”(16CYY044)
【分类号】：H146

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