“为X而X”构式的褒贬性考察

发布时间：2018-06-28 18:13

本文选题：“为X而X”构式 + 褒贬性成因　；参考：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以“为X而X”为研究对象,前后X在词性、词形、词义上始终保持一致。文章共分为绪论和五章内容：绪论主要阐述了文章的研究缘起、研究对象、研究现状、研究思路、研究意义、研究方法及语料来源,为文章接下来的讨论奠定基础。第一章主要从三个层次讨论“为X而X”的语义特征。首先,前X表目的,后X表手段,前后X一致,表示目的与手段的同一性；其次,后X随着前X的变化而变化,前X成为表意的核心,强调目的只是X；最后,“为X而X”是一个典型的构式,意义具有整体性,通常可以表达多种感情色彩。第二章考察“为X而X”构式的褒贬性成因。“为X而X”构式在说话人主观性的介入下,有不同角度的理解,由此产生了不同的语用表达效果。具体而言,当说话人采取“目的=手段”视角时,说话人认为“为X而X”目的唯一、目的单纯或目的符合实际,“为X而X”构式带有中性或褒义感情色彩；当说话人采取“目的手段”视角时,说话人认为“为X而X”无目的、目的错误、目的太小或目的过于单一,“为X而X”构式带有贬义感情色彩。总而言之,“为X而X”构式表达的语义特征是强调目的与手段的同一性,当说话人认可这种同一性的时候,构式就会产生褒义感情色彩；反之,当说话人不认可这种同一性的时候,构式就会产生贬义感情色彩。说话人如何根据自己的认知来看待X这个目的,既是主观性的,也是评议性的,主观评议有好有坏,这就形成了“为X而X”构式的不同感情色彩。因此,“为X而X”构式的不同感情色彩是认知造成的语用后果。第三章考察各类入格词构成的“为X而X”构式的具体褒贬性比例及整体褒贬性倾向。首先,按照词类入格的优先序列考察入格词的语义功能：X既可以表示手段,也可以表示目的,即X可以作为手段目的。其次,各类入格词构成的“为X而X”构式的具体褒贬性比例与入格词作为手段目的能力的大小有很大关系。最后,“为X而X”构式在整体上倾向于贬抑性。第四章考察“为X而X”构式义倾向于贬抑性的固化,并重点讨论固化过程以及不同类型构式实例的固化程度差异。由于人们的普遍“受益性”心理,人们大多不认可与手段同一的目的,“为X而X”构式与贬义语境形成了优势关联。随着使用频率的增加,贬义语境承担的感情色彩逐渐向构式转移,贬抑性成为构式的原型意义。然而,这种贬抑性对于不同构式实例来说其固化程度是不同的,即不同构式实例脱离语境表达贬义感情色彩的能力是不同的。第五章进一步讨论了“为X而X”构式褒贬性考察的研究价值和研究意义,并对其未来发展方向进行了预测。此外,还指出了本文研究的不足之处。
[Abstract]:In this paper, "X and X" is taken as the research object, and X remains consistent in terms of part of speech, word form and meaning. The article is divided into introduction and five chapters: the introduction mainly describes the origin of the article, research objects, research status, research ideas, research significance, research methods and the source of the corpus, to lay a foundation for the next discussion of the article. The first chapter mainly discusses the semantic features of X and X from three levels. First, the former X table ends, the post-X table means, X is consistent, indicating the identity of the purpose and the means; secondly, the post X changes with the change of the former X, the former X becomes the core of the expression, emphasizing that the purpose is only X; finally, "X and X" is a typical construction, meaning has integrity, usually can express a variety of emotional colors. The second chapter examines the positive and derogatory causes of X-and X-construction. The construction of "for X and X", with the intervention of the subjectivity of the speaker, has been interpreted from different angles, which has resulted in different effects of pragmatic expression. Specifically, when the speaker adopts the angle of "the end = means", the speaker thinks that the purpose of "X and X" is unique, the purpose is simple or the purpose is in line with reality, and the construction of "for X and X" is neutral or positive. When the speaker adopts the "means of the purpose" perspective, the speaker thinks that "X and X" have no purpose, the purpose is wrong, the purpose is too small or the purpose is too single, and the construction of "for X and X" has a derogatory emotional color. In a word, the semantic characteristic of "X and X" construction is to emphasize the identity of ends and means. When the speaker approves this identity, the construction will produce positive feelings; conversely, When the speaker does not approve of this identity, the construction will produce derogatory feelings. How the speaker views X according to his own cognition is not only subjective but also evaluative. The subjective evaluation has good or bad effects, which forms the different emotional color of "X and X". Therefore, the different emotional color of "X and X" construction is the pragmatic consequence of cognition. The third chapter examines the specific positive and derogatory ratio and the overall tendency of praise and derogation of the construction of "X and X". Firstly, according to the priority sequence of part of speech entry, the semantic function: X can represent both means and ends, that is, X can be regarded as the purpose of means. Secondly, the specific proportion of "X and X" construction is closely related to the ability to use it as a means of purpose. Finally, the construction of "X and X" tends to be derogatory as a whole. In the fourth chapter, the meaning of "X and X" tends to be derogatory curing, and the curing process and the curing degree of different types of constructions are discussed. Because of the general "beneficial" psychology of people, most people do not agree with the purpose of means, the "for X and X" construction and derogatory context form a dominant relationship. With the increasing frequency of use, the emotional color of derogatory context gradually shifts to construction, and derogatory meaning becomes the archetypal meaning of construction. However, for different construction cases, the degree of solidification is different, that is, the ability of different construction cases to express derogatory feelings out of context is different. The fifth chapter further discusses the research value and significance of "X and X" construction, and forecasts its future development direction. In addition, the deficiency of this paper is pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H146.3

【参考文献】