汉英“NA表量构式”的本质、类型及其动因研究
发布时间：2018-07-20 13:57
【摘要】：本文基于自建整合构式语法,立足权威语料库,采取定性与定量相结合的方法,从认知角度出发,多维度、综合性对比分析汉英“NA表量构式”,以期发现汉英“NA表量构式”在本质、类型及生成动因上的异同。主要发现:(1)汉英“NA表量构式”的本质主要体现在量本质、量语言实现和量类转变上。量本质有语义量、句法量和语用量,量语言实现主要通过词汇和语法手段。量类转变发生在“N”为名词,且与非空间维度形容词构成“NA表量构式”时。“N”为强空间量名词时,名词从空间量转化为性状量;“N”为弱空间量名词,量类转变存在不确定性,与个体认知有关。汉语“NA表量构式”中约24%是弱空间量名词时,即汉语“NA表量构式”的量类转变,约有24%的不确定性;英语中约40%是弱空间量名词,即英语中约有40%的不确定性。(2)根据内部结构的松紧度可将汉英“NA表量构式”分为短语式和类词式。短语式“NA表量构式”内部允许插入其他成分,可按表量特征细分为确量短语“NA表量构式”、估量-确量短语“NA表量构式”和估量短语“NA表量构式”。汉语确量短语“NA表量构式”有4个结构类型,英语有5个;汉语估量-确量短语“NA表量构式”有11个结构类型,英语有3个;汉语估量短语“NA表量构式”有24个结构类型,英语有5个。类词式“NA表量构式”内部不允许插入其他成分,可按形容词维度进行细分。汉英共有5种类词式“NA表量构式”;汉语独有2种,英语独有1种。(3)基于自建整合构式语法和量类转变,发现汉英类词式“NA表量构式”的生成遵循以下规律:类词式“NA表量构式”中,名词与形容词的量性特征一致时,认知识解上不存在量类转变,该类构式由概念隐喻生成;类词式“NA表量构式”中,名词与形容词的量性特征不一致时,认知识解上存在量类转变,该类构式由概念整合生成。名词与空间维度形容词组合,量性特征一致,故汉英类词式“NA空间表量构式”由概念隐喻生成。名词与非空间维度形容词组合:名词带强空间量特征,需从空间量转换为性状量与形容词匹配,由概念整合生成。名词带弱空间量特征,量类转变受个体认知影响:认为名词的空间量无法压制性状量,与非空间维度形容词的量性特征一致,由概念隐喻生成。认为名词的空间量能够压制性状量,与非空间维度形容词的量性特征不一致,由概念整合生成。因此,汉英类词式“NA_(非空间)表量构式”可由概念隐喻或概念整合生成。
[Abstract]:Based on the self-built integrated grammar and the authoritative corpus, this paper adopts the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, from the cognitive point of view, multi-dimensional, comprehensive comparative analysis of Chinese and English "na table quantitative construction". In order to find out the similarities and differences in essence, type and cause of formation of na expression in Chinese and English. The main findings are as follows: (1) the essence of "na representation construction" in Chinese and English is mainly embodied in the nature of quantity, the realization of quantitative language and the transformation of quantitative category. The essence of quantity is semantic quantity, syntactic quantity and language quantity. The realization of quantitative language is mainly through lexical and grammatical means. The transformation of quantitative category occurs when "N" is a noun, and "N" is a "na expression" with a non-spatial dimension adjective. When "N" is a strong spatial quantity noun, the noun changes from spatial quantity to character quantity, "N" is a weak spatial quantity noun, "N" is a weak spatial quantity noun. There is uncertainty about quantitative change, which is related to individual cognition. When about 24% of the Chinese "na table quantifiers" are weak spatial variables, there is about 24% uncertainty in the transformation of the quantitative category of the Chinese "na table quantitive constructions", and about 40% of the English nouns are weak spatial quantities. That is, there is about 40% uncertainty in English. (2) according to the tightness of the internal structure, the Chinese and English "na table construction" can be divided into phrase type and word-like form. The phrase "na table construction" allows for the insertion of other components, which can be subdivided into "na table construction", "na table quantity construction" and "na table quantity construction" according to the characteristics of the table quantity. There are four structural types of "na expression" in Chinese, 5 in English, 11 in Chinese "na" and 3 in English. There are 24 construction types in Chinese and 5 in English. Other elements are not allowed to be inserted inside the "na table construction", which can be subdivided by adjective dimension. In Chinese and English, there are 5 types of word "na table quantitive constructions", 2 in Chinese and 1 in English. (3) based on self-built integrated construction grammar and quantitative class transformation, It is found that the formation of "na table metric construction" follows the following rules: in the "na table quantitive construction", when the quantitative characteristics of nouns and adjectives are the same, there is no change in the knowledge solution, and this kind of construction is generated by conceptual metaphor; When the quantitive characteristics of nouns and adjectives are not consistent in the "na table quantitive constructions", there is a change of quantitative classes in the knowledge solution, which is generated by conceptual integration. The combination of nouns and spatial adjectives has the same quantitative characteristics, so the Chinese and English words "na spatial representation" are generated by conceptual metaphors. The combination of noun and non-spatial dimension adjectives: nouns with strong spatial quantitative features need to be transformed from spatial quantities to matching of traits and adjectives, which are generated by conceptual integration. Noun has the characteristic of weak spatial quantity and the change of quantitative category is influenced by individual cognition: it is considered that the spatial quantity of noun can not suppress the quantity of character, which is consistent with the quantitative characteristic of adjective of non-spatial dimension, and is generated by conceptual metaphor. It is considered that the spatial quantity of nouns can suppress the quantity of characters, which is inconsistent with the quantitative characteristics of non-spatial adjectives and is generated by conceptual integration. Therefore, the Chinese and English word "Na _ (non-space) expression" can be generated by conceptual metaphor or conceptual integration.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3
本文编号：2133769
[Abstract]:Based on the self-built integrated grammar and the authoritative corpus, this paper adopts the method of combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, from the cognitive point of view, multi-dimensional, comprehensive comparative analysis of Chinese and English "na table quantitative construction". In order to find out the similarities and differences in essence, type and cause of formation of na expression in Chinese and English. The main findings are as follows: (1) the essence of "na representation construction" in Chinese and English is mainly embodied in the nature of quantity, the realization of quantitative language and the transformation of quantitative category. The essence of quantity is semantic quantity, syntactic quantity and language quantity. The realization of quantitative language is mainly through lexical and grammatical means. The transformation of quantitative category occurs when "N" is a noun, and "N" is a "na expression" with a non-spatial dimension adjective. When "N" is a strong spatial quantity noun, the noun changes from spatial quantity to character quantity, "N" is a weak spatial quantity noun, "N" is a weak spatial quantity noun. There is uncertainty about quantitative change, which is related to individual cognition. When about 24% of the Chinese "na table quantifiers" are weak spatial variables, there is about 24% uncertainty in the transformation of the quantitative category of the Chinese "na table quantitive constructions", and about 40% of the English nouns are weak spatial quantities. That is, there is about 40% uncertainty in English. (2) according to the tightness of the internal structure, the Chinese and English "na table construction" can be divided into phrase type and word-like form. The phrase "na table construction" allows for the insertion of other components, which can be subdivided into "na table construction", "na table quantity construction" and "na table quantity construction" according to the characteristics of the table quantity. There are four structural types of "na expression" in Chinese, 5 in English, 11 in Chinese "na" and 3 in English. There are 24 construction types in Chinese and 5 in English. Other elements are not allowed to be inserted inside the "na table construction", which can be subdivided by adjective dimension. In Chinese and English, there are 5 types of word "na table quantitive constructions", 2 in Chinese and 1 in English. (3) based on self-built integrated construction grammar and quantitative class transformation, It is found that the formation of "na table metric construction" follows the following rules: in the "na table quantitive construction", when the quantitative characteristics of nouns and adjectives are the same, there is no change in the knowledge solution, and this kind of construction is generated by conceptual metaphor; When the quantitive characteristics of nouns and adjectives are not consistent in the "na table quantitive constructions", there is a change of quantitative classes in the knowledge solution, which is generated by conceptual integration. The combination of nouns and spatial adjectives has the same quantitative characteristics, so the Chinese and English words "na spatial representation" are generated by conceptual metaphors. The combination of noun and non-spatial dimension adjectives: nouns with strong spatial quantitative features need to be transformed from spatial quantities to matching of traits and adjectives, which are generated by conceptual integration. Noun has the characteristic of weak spatial quantity and the change of quantitative category is influenced by individual cognition: it is considered that the spatial quantity of noun can not suppress the quantity of character, which is consistent with the quantitative characteristic of adjective of non-spatial dimension, and is generated by conceptual metaphor. It is considered that the spatial quantity of nouns can suppress the quantity of characters, which is inconsistent with the quantitative characteristics of non-spatial adjectives and is generated by conceptual integration. Therefore, the Chinese and English word "Na _ (non-space) expression" can be generated by conceptual metaphor or conceptual integration.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3;H314.3
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