概念整合理论视角下汉语饮食成语的认知研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 05:32

【摘要】：饮食成语是汉语成语的重要组成部分,其语义涉及众多领域,而成语的语义并非简单的字面意义,我们在前人的研究基础上采用新的研究视角来考察该类型成语的语义建构过程,即以认知语言学中的概念整合理论为支撑点进行探究。本文从《中国成语大辞典》和《汉语成语大词典》中共搜集到400例饮食成语,采用建立小型语料库的研究方法对其进行考察。饮食成语的语义类别包括对人物的评价、对客观事物及行为的评价、对政治军事活动、文章与言辞以及日常生活的评价。饮食成语的结构主要包括八小类:联合式、偏正式、主谓式、动补式、动宾式、兼语式、连动式和紧缩式。我们运用概念整合理论对饮食成语的语义建构过程进行分析归类,其语义建构类型包括隐喻、转喻概念整合以及隐转喻概念整合。隐喻概念整合又分为单次隐喻和双次隐喻,转喻概念整合分为单次转喻和双次转喻,隐转喻概念整合则细分为先转喻后隐喻、先隐喻后转喻以及隐转喻交替三小类。我们将成语的认知情况进行了整体分析和统计。从宏观上看,饮食成语语义的合成主要基于隐喻和转喻整合两种模式。单次合成以隐喻为主,双次合成以转喻为主。人物评价、客观事物及行为类以隐喻为主,日常生活类以转喻为主。从微观上看,具体的饮食词在整体语义整合中被激活的属性相异。结合其认知情况,本文归纳了饮食成语的语义特点。最后,我们对饮食成语的整合原因进行了探究。
[Abstract]:Dietary idioms are an important part of Chinese idioms. Their semantics involve many fields, but the semantics of idioms are not simple literal meanings. On the basis of previous studies, we use a new perspective to investigate the semantic construction process of this type of idiom, which is based on the conceptual integration theory in cognitive linguistics. In this paper, 400 cases of dietary idioms were collected from the Dictionary of Chinese idioms and the Dictionary of Chinese idioms. The semantic categories of dietary idioms include the evaluation of characters, objective things and behaviors, political and military activities, articles and words, and daily life. The structure of dietary idioms mainly includes eight subcategories: joint type, partial formality, subject-predicate type, verb-complement type, verb-object type, concurrent type, conjunctive type and constrictive type. We use the theory of conceptual integration to analyze and classify the semantic construction process of dietary idioms, which includes metaphor, metonymy conceptual integration and implicit metonymy conceptual integration. Conceptual integration of metaphor is divided into single metonymy and double metonymy, metonymy conceptual integration is divided into single metonymy and double metonymy, implicit metonymy conceptual integration is subdivided into three subcategories: first metonymy after metaphor, first metaphor after metonymy and implicit metonymy alternation. We analyze and statistics the cognition of idioms. From the macro point of view, the semantic synthesis of dietary idioms is mainly based on two models: metonymy and metonymy integration. Single synthesis is metaphorical, double synthesis is metonymy. The objective things and behaviors are metaphorical, and metonymy is the main part of daily life. From the micro point of view, the specific food words in the overall semantic integration of the activation of different attributes. Combined with its cognitive situation, this paper summarizes the semantic characteristics of dietary idioms. Finally, we explore the reasons for the integration of dietary idioms.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H136.3

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