汉语保证类构式的演化:从以言行事到认识情态

发布时间：2018-08-17 20:08

【摘要】：现代汉语中的保证类构式在以言行事(做担保)的基础上衍生出表达发话者对所述内容肯定程度的认识情态功能,其语义和句法也相应地有别于原来的施为构式。本文从历时角度描写和分析汉语保证类构式在语用功能、语义属性及句法结构层面的演变,从中挖掘此类构式的演变路径和演变机制,以解释其共时特点。此类构式的语义变化为多义现象提供一个从语用化到语义化的历时分析模式,其认识情态的产生是心理层面的组块和语言层面的构式化共同作用的结果。构式变化和构式化之分更好地解释保证类构式细微、分步式、分层面的演变,构式化理论有望解决有关语言演变的其他争议性问题。
[Abstract]:On the basis of words and deeds, the guarantee class constructions in modern Chinese derive the cognitive modal functions of expressing the speaker's affirmation of the said content, and their semantic and syntactic functions are correspondingly different from the original construction. This paper describes and analyzes the evolution of Chinese guarantee constructions in pragmatic functions, semantic attributes and syntactic structures from a diachronic point of view, and excavates the evolution path and mechanism of these constructions in order to explain their synchronic characteristics. The semantic change of this kind of construction provides a diachronic analysis model for polysemy from pragmatics to semantics, and the emergence of its cognitive modality is the result of the combination of chunks at the psychological level and construction at the linguistic level. The difference between construction change and construction can better explain the evolution of subtlety, step and level of construction. The theory of construction is expected to solve other controversial problems about language evolution.
【作者单位】：大连理工大学;北京外国语大学;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金资助项目“英语的起源与发展”(2012M520197) 国家社会科学基金项目“英汉位移构式演化的历时比较研究”(15BYY018) 辽宁省社会科学基金项目“话语标记的历时研究”(L11DYY029) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目“构式化过程中词类的活用与兼容”(DUT14RW109)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：H146

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