“应该”和“应当”的对比研究
发布时间：2018-09-01 07:36
【摘要】：“应该”和“应当”是现代汉语中经常使用的一组近义词,汉语学界对二者的对比研究不多,本文考察“应该”和“应当”在组配、情态、语体等方面的差异。第一部分为绪论,介绍研究现状、研究内容、研究意义、语料的来源和研究方法。第二部分,从组配的角度展开研究。“应该”和“应当”为助动词,考察发现“应该” “应当”后接自主动词和非自主动词时存在差异,同助动词连用和同“说”搭配时也存在差异,“应该”“应当”后接动词所构成的结构为述宾结构。我们在谈话中回答别人的感谢时,一般用“应该的”,而不用“应当的”。第三部分,从情态的角度展开研究。“应该”表达认识情态和道义情态较自由,“应当”则以表达道义情态为主,“应该”表达道义情态义务,“应当”表达道义情态必要。“应该”和“应当”同完整体标记和非完整体标记同现时,表达的情态存在差异。“应该”和“应当”在表达认识情态时,同时也表达传信范畴,“应该”和“应当”表达道义情态时却不能表达传信范畴。第四部分,从语体视角展开研究,“应该”和“应当”存在语体差异,体现在数量分布上和语法特征上,这跟“应该”“应当”自身的差异和语体功能不同有关。第五部分为文章的结论部分,总结全文取得的研究成果,介绍文章创新之处,并指出文章的不足。
[Abstract]:"should" and "should" are a group of synonyms frequently used in modern Chinese, but there are few comparative studies on them in the field of Chinese. This paper examines the differences between "should" and "should" in terms of matching, modality, style, and so on. The first part is introduction, which introduces the research status, research content, research significance, the source of corpus and research methods. The second part, from the point of view of the combination of the study. "should" and "should" are auxiliary verbs. It is found that there are differences between "should" and "should" followed by autonomous verbs and non-autonomous verbs, and there are also differences in collocation with auxiliary verbs and with "said". The structure formed by the verb "should" and "should" is the object structure. When we answer people's thanks in conversation, we usually use "should" rather than "should". The third part, the research from the angle of modality. "should" expresses cognition modality and moral modality more freely, "should" mainly expresses moral modality, "should" expresses moral modal obligation, "should" expresses moral modality is necessary. There are differences between "should" and "should" in the expression of modality. When "should" and "should" express the cognitive modality, they also express the category of transmission, while "should" and "should" express the moral modality, but they cannot express the category of transmission. In the fourth part, from the perspective of style, there are differences in style between "should" and "should", which are reflected in the quantitative distribution and grammatical features, which is related to the differences and functions of "should" and "should". The fifth part is the conclusion of the article, summarizes the research results, introduces the innovation of the article, and points out the shortcomings of the article.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3
[Abstract]:"should" and "should" are a group of synonyms frequently used in modern Chinese, but there are few comparative studies on them in the field of Chinese. This paper examines the differences between "should" and "should" in terms of matching, modality, style, and so on. The first part is introduction, which introduces the research status, research content, research significance, the source of corpus and research methods. The second part, from the point of view of the combination of the study. "should" and "should" are auxiliary verbs. It is found that there are differences between "should" and "should" followed by autonomous verbs and non-autonomous verbs, and there are also differences in collocation with auxiliary verbs and with "said". The structure formed by the verb "should" and "should" is the object structure. When we answer people's thanks in conversation, we usually use "should" rather than "should". The third part, the research from the angle of modality. "should" expresses cognition modality and moral modality more freely, "should" mainly expresses moral modality, "should" expresses moral modal obligation, "should" expresses moral modality is necessary. There are differences between "should" and "should" in the expression of modality. When "should" and "should" express the cognitive modality, they also express the category of transmission, while "should" and "should" express the moral modality, but they cannot express the category of transmission. In the fourth part, from the perspective of style, there are differences in style between "should" and "should", which are reflected in the quantitative distribution and grammatical features, which is related to the differences and functions of "should" and "should". The fifth part is the conclusion of the article, summarizes the research results, introduces the innovation of the article, and points out the shortcomings of the article.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.3
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