“简直”等表接近义的语气副词汉西对比及教学建议

发布时间：2018-09-09 16:16

【摘要】：随着中国改革开放的不断深化,中国和拉丁美洲之间的距离进一步拉近了,有越来越多母语为西班牙语的学习者来到上海外国语大学学习汉语。然而,相对于已经发展成熟的汉英对比理论而言,汉西对比方面的理论成果仍旧较少。此外,虽然汉语语气副词的本体研究已经产出了很多成果,但还没有表接近义的语气副词方面的语言对比研究成果。这类语气副词往往也是学习者使用和掌握汉语的难点之一。作为语用标记的语气副词虽然往往并不是句子中必不可少的部分,但语气副词使用的正确与否,可以很直观地看出一个汉语学习者对语言的掌握程度,这类语气副词能否正确使用最能反映出一个人的汉语表达是否地道。本文一共分为四个章节,主要将汉语的四个包含【+接近】义素的副词,与西班牙语同样包含【+接近】义素的词或短语进行横向对比,发现它们在语法、语义、语用等方面之间的对应关系十分复杂,对应方面呈现多对多关系。其中,“几乎”这一义项与西班牙语对应项最多,“简直”、“差不多”和“差点儿”与西语对应项则相对少一些。本文运用对比分析法,归纳出汉、西这类表接近义的语气副词之间的异同,从而预测西语背景学习者可能会出现的难点,然后通过问卷调查加以验证,最后对这一类语气副词的教学提出建议,使国内对外汉语教师能够通过本文了解到西班牙语对应语气副词的表达方式,在面向西语背景学习者进行教学时制定相应的语气副词教学策略。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, the distance between China and Latin America has been further narrowed. More and more Spanish-speaking learners come to Shanghai Foreign Studies University to study Chinese. However, compared with the mature Chinese-English contrastive theory, the theoretical achievements of Chinese-western contrast are still relatively few. In addition, although the Noumenon study of Chinese modal adverbs has produced a lot of results, there is no contrastive study on the linguistic aspects of modal adverbs with similar meanings. These modal adverbs are also one of the difficulties for learners to use and master Chinese. Although mood adverbs, as pragmatic markers, are often not an essential part of a sentence, whether the mood adverbs are used correctly or not can be seen intuitively to the extent to which a Chinese learner has mastered the language. The correct use of these modal adverbs can best reflect whether a person's Chinese expression is authentic or not. This paper is divided into four chapters. The four Chinese adverbs containing [approaching] sememe are compared horizontally with the words or phrases that also contain [close] sememe in Spanish, and they are found to be grammatical and semantic. The correspondence between pragmatics and other aspects is very complex, and the corresponding aspect presents many-to-many relations. Among them, the meaning of "almost" has the most Spanish equivalents, "almost", "almost" and "almost" are relatively few in Spanish. By using the method of contrastive analysis, this paper sums up the similarities and differences between the mood adverbs with similar meanings in Chinese and Spanish, so as to predict the difficulties that may arise by the learners of Spanish background, and then verify them by questionnaires. Finally, some suggestions are put forward on the teaching of this kind of modal adverbs, so that the Chinese teachers can understand the expression of the corresponding mood adverbs in Spanish. The corresponding strategies of mood adverb teaching should be formulated in the process of teaching Spanish language background learners.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H195.3

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