动词后虚化完结成分的使用特点及性质
发布时间：2018-10-21 13:57
【摘要】：汉语动补结构中的一些补语成分发生了虚化,变成表示完结的成分,但仍有一定的词汇语义,虚化程度低于体标记。本文将这类成分称为虚化完结成分。虚化完结成分有些必须与动词共现,有些则不必,出现的强制性与否在一定程度上取决于动词的情状类型。从语义上看,这类成分有的隐含预定的动作目标的达成,可以蕴含对施事或受事的影响,有的只表示动作行为的完结。虚化完结成分从语义来源上看,一类与"得"义有关,一类与"失"义有关。这类成分的使用特点受制于其虚化前的词汇语义,并可进一步获得一些主观性意义,也可能形成结构歧义。虚化完结成分介于词汇性与语法性之间,其使用体现了汉语重视表达结果状态的特点。
[Abstract]:Some complement elements in the Chinese verb-complement structure have been fictitious and become the components that indicate the end, but there are still some lexical semantics, and the degree of nihilization is lower than that of the aspect marker. In this paper, this kind of composition is called the nihilized end component. Some of them must be coexisting with verbs, while others do not. To some extent, the occurrence of compulsory or not depends on the verb's situation type. From the semantic point of view, some of these elements imply the achievement of the intended action target, which may imply the influence on the agent or the receiver, and others only indicate the end of the action. In terms of semantic source, one category is related to "get" and the other is related to "loss". The characteristics of the use of this kind of components are restricted by the lexical semantics before their hypocrisy, and some subjective meanings can be obtained further, as well as structural ambiguities may be formed. The empty ending component lies between lexicality and grammaticality, and its use reflects the characteristics of Chinese emphasis on the state of expressing the result.
【作者单位】： 北京大学中文系/中国语言学研究中心/计算语言学教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：2015年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“汉语词汇双音化的形式选择和功能表现”(项目批准号:15JJD740001) 国家社科基金重大项目“功能-类型学取向的汉语语义演变研究”(项目批准号:14ZDB098)的资助
【分类号】：H146
[Abstract]:Some complement elements in the Chinese verb-complement structure have been fictitious and become the components that indicate the end, but there are still some lexical semantics, and the degree of nihilization is lower than that of the aspect marker. In this paper, this kind of composition is called the nihilized end component. Some of them must be coexisting with verbs, while others do not. To some extent, the occurrence of compulsory or not depends on the verb's situation type. From the semantic point of view, some of these elements imply the achievement of the intended action target, which may imply the influence on the agent or the receiver, and others only indicate the end of the action. In terms of semantic source, one category is related to "get" and the other is related to "loss". The characteristics of the use of this kind of components are restricted by the lexical semantics before their hypocrisy, and some subjective meanings can be obtained further, as well as structural ambiguities may be formed. The empty ending component lies between lexicality and grammaticality, and its use reflects the characteristics of Chinese emphasis on the state of expressing the result.
【作者单位】： 北京大学中文系/中国语言学研究中心/计算语言学教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：2015年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“汉语词汇双音化的形式选择和功能表现”(项目批准号:15JJD740001) 国家社科基金重大项目“功能-类型学取向的汉语语义演变研究”(项目批准号:14ZDB098)的资助
【分类号】：H146
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前8条
1 曹道根;;汉语含结果性成分小句中的信息重组机制[J];中国语文;2014年03期
2 玄s，
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