汉英专有名词非范畴化的对比研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 06:09

【摘要】：语言同任何发展的事物一样,是一个不断发展创新的动态过程,是在不断地保持平衡与打破平衡中前进的,这就必然会出现更多新颖的语言现象,来不断弥补认知概念与语言表达之间的空缺。人类运用自己的认知能力对已掌握的语言资源通过某种方式进行重新加工和利用,既体现了语言的创造力,同时也反映了人类认知的创新,语言的非范畴化便是语言不断发展的表现之一。所谓非范畴化是指范畴内的某一成员丧失本范畴内的部分特征或功能,并且获得其它范畴的某些特征或功能的过程。本文研究发现,在英汉两种语言内都存在着非范畴化现象。本文运用非范畴化理论,通过汉语和英语名词在词义层面和功能意义上的表现,对两种语言的专有名词非范畴化现象进行了比较分析,说明语言是一个由范畴化-非范畴化-再范畴化……的循环往复的动态发展过程,而非范畴化是范畴化过程中的一个重要的阶段,它既是语言发展的结果,又是语言创新的方式和途径,在非范畴化的过程中,语言实体在意义和功能上的变化并不是突变式的,而是渐变式,或回归原态,或进入新的范畴,抑或本身一分为二,分别归属原范畴与新范畴,是一个连续变化的过程。非范畴化理论为汉英名词对比研究提供一个新的视角,为语言中更多的“非常规”语言现象提供了更科学、合理的解释;此外文章还对非范畴化过程中的认知机制进行了深入探讨,从转喻的角度出发,转喻的视角化和意义的主观化是汉英语专有名词非范畴化现象中的运行机制,使现有的词义得到不断的丰富,既符合语言发展的规律,又符合语言的经济原则。名词非范畴化的过程不仅体现了语言发展与创造的动力来源,同时也反映出人类认知的基本方式。本文共分为四个章节。第一章是理论基础,介绍了非范畴化的定义、重要性;非范畴化的运行机制,以及非范畴化与范畴化之间的关系,指出非范畴化同范畴化一样重要,并且非范畴是一个动态发展的过程,在解释日益变化的“非正常”语言现象上发挥着十分重要的作用;第二章分别分析了汉语专有名词、英语名词在词义、词性方面的非范畴化的不同表现,并对比汉英两种语言的不同表现;第三章详细分析汉英语专有名词在非范畴化过程中的运行机制以及转喻所发挥的作用;最后一章是对文章的结论以及本文不足的方面。
[Abstract]:Language, like anything that develops, is a dynamic process of continuous development and innovation. It advances in the process of keeping and breaking the balance, which will inevitably lead to more novel language phenomena. To make up for the gap between cognitive concepts and language expression. Human beings use their cognitive ability to reprocess and utilize their language resources in a certain way, which not only reflects the creativity of language, but also reflects the innovation of human cognition. The non-categorization of language is one of the manifestations of the continuous development of language. Decategorization is the process by which a member of a category loses some of the features or functions of the category and acquires some of the features or functions of other categories. The present study finds that there is a phenomenon of non-categorization in both English and Chinese. Based on the theory of non-categorization, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the phenomenon of proper nouns' de-categorization in both Chinese and English in terms of lexical meaning and functional meaning. It shows that language is from categorization-non-categorization-re-categorization. It is an important stage in the process of categorization. It is not only the result of language development, but also the way and way of language innovation. The change of language entity in meaning and function is not a mutation, but a gradual change, or return to the original state, or enter into a new category, or itself into two, belong to the original category and the new category, which is a continuous process of change. The theory of non-categorization provides a new perspective for the contrastive study of Chinese and English nouns, and provides a more scientific and reasonable explanation for more "unconventional" linguistic phenomena in language. In addition, the cognitive mechanism in the process of de-categorization is also discussed. From the perspective of metonymy, metonymy and the subjective meaning of metonymy are the operational mechanisms in the phenomenon of non-categorization of proper nouns in Chinese and English. The existing meanings of words are enriched constantly, which not only accord with the law of language development, but also accord with the economic principle of language. The process of decategorization of nouns not only reflects the power of language development and creation, but also reflects the basic way of human cognition. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the theoretical basis, introduced the definition of non-categorization, importance; The operational mechanism of non-categorization, and the relationship between de-categorization and categorization, point out that de-categorization is as important as categorization, and that non-categorization is a dynamic development process. It plays a very important role in explaining the changing phenomenon of "abnormal" language; The second chapter analyzes the different expressions of Chinese proper nouns and English nouns in terms of word meaning and part of speech, and compares the different expressions between Chinese and English. The third chapter analyzes in detail the operational mechanism of proper nouns in the process of de-categorization and the role of metonymy. The last chapter is the conclusion of the article and the deficiency of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H146.2;H314.2

【相似文献】