修辞结构理论框架下的英汉灾难新闻语篇对比研究
发布时间：2019-03-09 20:01
【摘要】：灾难事件通常是那些给人类生命财产带来巨大伤害和损失的紧急性破坏性事件。当灾难事件发生时,首要的事情应该就是向公众提供及时有效的新闻报道;而低效的灾难新闻报道很可能加剧情况的恶化。事实表明,西方媒体和中国媒体在灾难新闻报道的风格和效率上存在差异,并且有些人批评中国媒体对灾难新闻的报道远不尽如人意。在这样的现实情形下,本研究拟以修辞结构理论为基础,对英汉灾难新闻语篇进行对比分析,试图发现二者的异同点,以期从语篇分析的角度提供可能的建议。本文采用定量分析和定性分析相结合的方法来回答所提出的研究问题,即英汉灾难新闻语篇在修辞结构关系、修辞结构图示和语篇内部结构方面分别有哪些异同点,揭示了二者各自怎样的风格和结构特点。定性分析主要是对语篇详尽的修辞结构分析,定量分析则是指对原始数据的分析和检验过程。修辞结构分析在RSTTool 345的帮助下完成,数据则由SPSS Statistics 19工具检验。虽然通过威尔科克森符号秩检验和曼惠特尼U检验并未发现英汉灾难新闻语篇在修辞结构关系、修辞结构图示和语篇内部结构的种类、频次和分布上存在显著差异,但是本文发现,在修辞结构关系方面,中文灾难新闻语篇采用的修辞结构关系种类更多、数量更大;某些关系如阐述关系、对比关系、环境关系在英汉语篇中出现的频率比其他关系都要高,这可能是应新闻体裁的要求;英文语篇比中文语篇更偏爱阐述关系和对比关系,而中文语篇则更偏爱目的关系和环境关系;二者在优势性关系上的共同点颇多,使用频率最高的四种关系均为阐述关系、联结关系、连接关系和意愿性结果关系。在修辞结构图示方面,90%的英文语篇采用图示模型A、B和D;相似地,90%的中文语篇采用图示模型A、B和C;中文语篇比英文语篇更显著地偏爱图示模型C,而英文语篇则相对更多地采用图示模型D。在语篇内部结构方面,无论是英文语篇还是中文语篇,从属结构都占主导地位;且从属结构的比例比并列结构高约三倍;不过相比较而言,英文语篇比中文语篇更偏爱使用从属结构。本研究期望能够填补就灾难新闻语篇进行修辞结构分析的空白,以此充实修辞结构理论和对比修辞理论在语篇分析领域的应用。在现实层面,本研究期望能够为中国新闻行业灾难报道提供一些参考,并对英语教育领域有关灾难新闻语篇的教学和二语写作有所帮助。
[Abstract]:Disaster events are usually acute and destructive events that cause great damage and loss to human life and property. When a disaster occurs, the first priority should be to provide timely and effective news coverage to the public; inefficient disaster news coverage is likely to exacerbate the deterioration. Facts show that there are differences in the style and efficiency of disaster news coverage between western and Chinese media, and some people criticize that the coverage of disaster news by Chinese media is far from satisfactory. Based on the rhetorical structure theory, the present study attempts to find out the similarities and differences between English and Chinese disaster news texts, with a view to providing possible suggestions from the perspective of discourse analysis in order to make a contrastive analysis of English and Chinese disaster news discourses in order to provide some suggestions from the point of view of discourse analysis. This paper uses the method of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to answer the research questions, that is, what are the similarities and differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses in terms of rhetorical structure, figure of rhetorical structure and internal structure of the text, respectively. It reveals their respective styles and structural characteristics. Qualitative analysis mainly refers to the detailed rhetorical structure analysis of the text, while quantitative analysis refers to the process of analysis and testing of the original data. The rhetorical analysis was done with the help of RSTTool 345, and the data was tested by the SPSS Statistics 19 tool. Although there are no significant differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses in terms of rhetorical structure relations, figures of rhetorical structures and types, frequency and distribution of internal structures, there are no significant differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses by means of Wilcoxen's symbolic rank test and ManWhitney U test. However, in terms of rhetorical structure relationship, Chinese disaster news discourse adopts more and more kinds of rhetorical structure relations. Some relationships, such as expounding relationship, contrastive relation and environmental relation, appear more frequently in English and Chinese texts than others, which may be the request of news genre. Compared with Chinese texts, English texts prefer to elaborate relations and contrastive relations, while Chinese texts prefer the relation of purpose and environment. Both of them have a lot in common in the relationship of superiority, and the four most frequently used relationships are elaborated relationship, connection relation, connection relation and willful result relation. In figure-of-speech representation, 90% of English texts use graphic models A, B and D. similarly, 90% of Chinese texts use graphic models A, B and C; Chinese discourses prefer graphic model C more significantly than English texts, while English texts are more likely to use the diagrammatic model D. In terms of the internal structure of the text, the subordinate structure is dominant in both English and Chinese texts, and the proportion of subordinate structure is about three times higher than that of the juxtaposition structure. However, compared with Chinese texts, English texts prefer to use subordinate structures. This study hopes to fill the gap in the rhetorical structure analysis of disaster news discourse, so as to enrich the application of rhetorical structure theory and contrastive rhetoric theory in the field of discourse analysis. At the practical level, the present study hopes to provide some references for disaster reporting in China's journalism industry, and will be helpful to the teaching of disaster news texts and second language writing in the field of English education.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315;H15
，
本文编号：2437805
[Abstract]:Disaster events are usually acute and destructive events that cause great damage and loss to human life and property. When a disaster occurs, the first priority should be to provide timely and effective news coverage to the public; inefficient disaster news coverage is likely to exacerbate the deterioration. Facts show that there are differences in the style and efficiency of disaster news coverage between western and Chinese media, and some people criticize that the coverage of disaster news by Chinese media is far from satisfactory. Based on the rhetorical structure theory, the present study attempts to find out the similarities and differences between English and Chinese disaster news texts, with a view to providing possible suggestions from the perspective of discourse analysis in order to make a contrastive analysis of English and Chinese disaster news discourses in order to provide some suggestions from the point of view of discourse analysis. This paper uses the method of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis to answer the research questions, that is, what are the similarities and differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses in terms of rhetorical structure, figure of rhetorical structure and internal structure of the text, respectively. It reveals their respective styles and structural characteristics. Qualitative analysis mainly refers to the detailed rhetorical structure analysis of the text, while quantitative analysis refers to the process of analysis and testing of the original data. The rhetorical analysis was done with the help of RSTTool 345, and the data was tested by the SPSS Statistics 19 tool. Although there are no significant differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses in terms of rhetorical structure relations, figures of rhetorical structures and types, frequency and distribution of internal structures, there are no significant differences between English and Chinese disaster news discourses by means of Wilcoxen's symbolic rank test and ManWhitney U test. However, in terms of rhetorical structure relationship, Chinese disaster news discourse adopts more and more kinds of rhetorical structure relations. Some relationships, such as expounding relationship, contrastive relation and environmental relation, appear more frequently in English and Chinese texts than others, which may be the request of news genre. Compared with Chinese texts, English texts prefer to elaborate relations and contrastive relations, while Chinese texts prefer the relation of purpose and environment. Both of them have a lot in common in the relationship of superiority, and the four most frequently used relationships are elaborated relationship, connection relation, connection relation and willful result relation. In figure-of-speech representation, 90% of English texts use graphic models A, B and D. similarly, 90% of Chinese texts use graphic models A, B and C; Chinese discourses prefer graphic model C more significantly than English texts, while English texts are more likely to use the diagrammatic model D. In terms of the internal structure of the text, the subordinate structure is dominant in both English and Chinese texts, and the proportion of subordinate structure is about three times higher than that of the juxtaposition structure. However, compared with Chinese texts, English texts prefer to use subordinate structures. This study hopes to fill the gap in the rhetorical structure analysis of disaster news discourse, so as to enrich the application of rhetorical structure theory and contrastive rhetoric theory in the field of discourse analysis. At the practical level, the present study hopes to provide some references for disaster reporting in China's journalism industry, and will be helpful to the teaching of disaster news texts and second language writing in the field of English education.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：H315;H15
，
本文编号：2437805
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